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#25 Chapter 4 Section 4

#25 Chapter 4 Section 4. Reconstruction and Its Effects OBJECTIVE: Understand the strengths and weaknesses of the Reconstruction Era. I. The Politics of Reconstruction. Reconstruction: period of time (1865-1877) when the U.S. began to rebuild following the Civil War.

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#25 Chapter 4 Section 4

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  1. #25 Chapter 4 Section 4 Reconstruction and Its Effects OBJECTIVE: Understand the strengths and weaknesses of the Reconstruction Era.

  2. I. The Politics of Reconstruction • Reconstruction: period of time (1865-1877) when the U.S. began to rebuild following the Civil War.

  3. Lincoln’s Plan for Reconstruction • Southern states readmitted to Union if 10% of 1860 voters swear allegiance to Union. • TOO LENIENT ON THE SOUTH • Radical Republicans- a group of Republicans in Congress who wanted to destroy the political power of ex-slave owners.

  4. Andrew Johnson, Lincoln’s successor, forms own plan. • Also too lenient on the South. JOHNSON WAS V.P. FOR 41 DAYS

  5. Congressional Reconstruction Congress passes…. • Civil Rights Act (1866) laws could not discriminate against African Americans. • Freedman’s Bureau Act (1866) help ex-slaves in the South. • 14th Amendment (1868) granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” which included former slaves recently freed. • Reconstruction Act of 1867 • Divides Confederacy into military districts. • Requires South to pass the 14th Amendment. • Requires South to allow African Americans the right to vote.

  6. President Andrew Johnson Impeached • 1868: House impeached Johnson for blocking Reconstruction; Senate does not convict. Remains President.

  7. Ulysses Grant (Republican) elected President in 1868. • 15th Amendment (1870) stated that no one can be denied voting rights because of race and color.

  8. II. Reconstructing Society • Politics in the Postwar South • Scalawags- White southern farmers who joined the Republicans, want to improve position. • Carpetbaggers- Northern Republicans, moved to the South after the war.

  9. African Americans in Reconstruction: 1870: Hiram Revels becomes the 1st African American Senator.

  10. Sharecropping- to farm land owned by another, keep only part of crops. • Tenant farmers rent land from owner and keep all of its harvest. • In both systems, the landowner is the one who profits the most.

  11. III. The Collapse of Reconstruction • Ku Klux Klan- southern vigilante group, wants to: • Destroy the Republican Party, aid the white planter class, repress African Americans.

  12. Support for Reconstruction Fades. Why??? • Republicans split apart. • Southern Democrats regain power. • Supreme Court rules against Radical Republicans changes. • Positives of Reconstruction= • 13th-14th-15th Amendments.

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