CIVIL AIR SEARCH AND RESCUE ASSOCIATION

1. CIVIL AIR SEARCH AND RESCUE ASSOCIATION PILOT TRAINING COURSE Phase 5 In-Flight Procedures

2. Pilot Responsibility • The CASARA Pilot has the ultimate responsibility for the safety and well-being of the crew • Any actions or decisions made by any crew member that may affect the safety of the crew or may affect the objective of the mission, need to be known to the pilot • In flight, the pilot makes the final decision

3. Communication • The CASARA Pilot should normally handle all radio communications with ATC, Search Headquarters or any other aircraft • In some flight crew situations, the navigator may use the radio only by mutual agreement with the pilot such as sending a NOCL message • Inter-crew communications should be kept to a minimum and should cease if anything is heard on the aircraft radio

4. Spotter Distance Briefing • Prior to commencing the actual search, the pilot or navigator should review with the spotters, the scanning range and search object details • An identifiable object or landmark on the ground on each side of the aircraft should be selected to demonstrate the scanning range for each spotter

5. Spotter Call Around • Prior to beginning a search, the CASARA Pilot should emphasize to the spotters to be assertive in calling the aircraft around if any possible target is seen • All other crew communications should cease if a spotter is calling the aircraft around • Only the spotter who saw the target and the pilot should communicate at this time

6. Spotter Rest • Being a spotter is a tiring job • The pilot should allow the spotters to rest their eyes at every possible opportunity • If instructed by Search Headquarters to make turns outside the assigned search area, take advantage of that opportunity to rest spotter eyes • An occasional 360ºturn or two during your search is acceptable for spotter rest

7. Search Track Deviations • As your navigator periodically marks your location along your search tracks, there may be occasions where a deviation has been made with loss of coverage • The pilot and navigator need to decide if a backtrack is necessary or the missed area can be covered on the next pass • Any assigned search areas missed should be identified to Search Headquarters

8. Aircraft Retasking • While training or during an actual search, your aircraft may be sent to another location using a different search pattern • Once your navigator has given the pilot the new heading, ask your spotters to rest • Prior to beginning a new tasking, the pilot will have to brief the crew on the new search object, search pattern, altitude and distance • Search Headquarters should be advised of start time “on scene” as well as your revised Bingo time

9. Target Sighted • If a probable target has been sighted, the aircraft crew will communicate a NOCL to Search Headquarters or JRCC • Remain over the target until a rescue party arrives, your Bingo time is up or as directed by Search Headquarters or JRCC • You may be able to communicate with the search object, a ground or air rescue crew and provide directions or relay radio calls

10. NOCL(Notice of Crash Location)

11. Notice of Crash Location Form

12. NOCL Message FormatRefer to inside back cover of CASARA Handbook ALPHA • Affirmative - positive identification that the object sighted is the search object or • Negative - unable to positively determine that the object is the search object

13. NOCL Message Format BRAVO • An eight or nine digit group denoting latitude and longitude position without north or west being used • Read over the radio in continuous single numbers Bravo 4 8 4 6 5 2 3 7

14. NOCL Message Format CHARLIE • Negative - when no survivors or casualties can be seen • Number - any number of survivors or casualties actually seen, followed by: • Undetermined - when the status of the survivors or casualties cannot be determined • Red - Immediate treatment and evacuation (priority 1) • Yellow - Early treatment and evacuation (priority 2) • Green - Routine treatment and evacuation (priority 3) • Blue - Deferred treatment and evacuation (priority 4) • White - Uninjured • Grey - Missing • Black - Dead

15. NOCL Message Format DELTA • ONE - side of hill, also indicate N,S, E or W slope • TWO - in valley, also indicate N, S, E or W side of valley floor • THREE - in level country • FOUR - heavily wooded area (can be used with one, two or three) • FIVE - in water: ALPHA - near shore BRAVO - well off shore

16. NOCL Message Format ECHO • ONE - request authorization to deploy SAR Techs • TWO - a helicopter will be required • THREE - a ground party could reach the location in good time • FOUR - a rescue boat will be required

17. NOCL Message Format FOXTROT • Remarks - Briefly provide any detail which will allow JRCC to initiate appropriate action , bearing in mind that the transmission is not secure For example: • inform how long you can remain on the scene • request an ETA for onscene of SAR aircraft or relief aircraft

18. Crash Location • if you can, hold an altitude higher than SAR Rescue aircraft to provide a homing target • provide whatever assistance you are able to give when requested • all other aircraft remain on assigned task

19. CASARA Handbook CASARA Handbook is invaluable for all phases of SAR operations and training. The NOCL message is on the back cover of the CASARA Handbook.

20. In-Flight Procedures End of Phase 5