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Types of Change. Types of Change. Kotter (1996) refers to incremental, transitional and transformational change whereas Sims (2006) labels the 3 types of change: developmental, transitional and fundamental.
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Types of Change • Kotter (1996) refers to incremental, transitional and transformational change whereas Sims (2006) labels the 3 types of change: developmental, transitional and fundamental. • Grundy (1993) proposes that change can be: bumpy incremental, smooth incremental, or discontinuous. • You may come across many ‘names’ and definitions of types of change, however they are most likely to focus around 3 key types
Kinds of Change – Kotter (1998) • Incremental • Tweaking the system or process • Transitional • Restructuring, reorganizing • Transformational • New vision, new mission, new values
OLD STATE NEW STATE TRANSITION Transitional Change – Sims (2006) • Appropriate when: • Improvement needed is small (lends itself to being broken down into small chunks) • A long timeline is available, and feasible • Not everyone/everything has to change at one time • Organisation has the capacity to improve
re-emergence plateau chaos growth birth Fundamental Change (Sims, 2006) • Large change • Everyone needs to change at the same time • Time period not easily controlled • Vision difficult as change often emerges throughout the process (Sims, 2006)
performance No time limit Developmental Change – Sims (2006) • Change for the better in response to new requirements • Relatively small change e.g. to policies/procedures • Usually enhances current states • Dramatic problem solving not required • ‘Keeps people vibrant, growing and stretching through challenge’
Varieties of change (Grundy, 1993) • Smooth incremental– evolves slowly, in a systematic and predictable way. • Bumpy incremental– periods of relative quiet interrupted by sudden bursts in the rate of change (e.g. re-organisations). • Discontinuous – ‘divergent breakpoint’, changes involving crisis, breakthrough, response to high turbulence.
Major Types of Change (Grundy, 1993) Discontinuous Rate of change Bumpy incremental Smooth incremental Time Source: Grundy, T. (1993) Implementing Strategic Change, Kogan Page, p. 25