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PSYCHOLOGY

PSYCHOLOGY. The Psychological Therapies. History of Treatment. History of Treatment. Reformers of treatment of the mentally ill: Dorothy Dix Philippe Pinel. Treatment depends on:. Therapist view of the problem: Learned Biological/genetic Social conditions. Therapy. Eclectic Approach

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PSYCHOLOGY

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  1. PSYCHOLOGY The Psychological Therapies

  2. History of Treatment

  3. History of Treatment • Reformers of treatment of the mentally ill: • Dorothy Dix • Philippe Pinel

  4. Treatment depends on: • Therapist view of the problem: • Learned • Biological/genetic • Social conditions

  5. Therapy • Eclectic Approach • an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client’s problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy

  6. Therapy Psychotherapy • an emotionally charged, confiding interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties

  7. Therapy- Psychoanalysis • Psychoanalysis (Freud) • Goal: Method that attempts to gain insight into unconscious origins of the problem • Uncover repressed impulses/conflicts • identify cause of behavior

  8. Psychoanalysis • Freud believed the patient’s free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences (and the therapist’s interpretations of them) released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight

  9. Therapy- Psychoanalysis Resistance • blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material

  10. Therapy- Psychoanalysis • Transference • the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships • e.g. love or hatred for a parent

  11. 2. Humanistic Therapy • humanistic therapy developed by Carl Rogers Client-Centered Therapy • therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients’ growth • Provide psychological Mirror • Concentrate on present & future • Look to explain cause

  12. Humanistic Therapy • Active Listening-empathic listening in which the Therapist/listener echoes, restates, and clarifies

  13. 3. Behavior Therapy Behavior Therapy Goal: therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors Classical conditioning - Pavlov Operant conditioning - Skinner, Watson

  14. Behavior Therapy A. Counterconditioning • procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors Includes: • systematic desensitization • aversive conditioning • exposure therapy/flooding • virtual reality

  15. Behavior Therapy 1. Systematic Desensitization • type of counterconditioning • associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli • Ex. Of Peter with hierarchy of increases • commonly used to treat phobias

  16. Behavior Therapy Exposure Therapy / flooding/ virtual reality • treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or reality) to the things they fear and avoid

  17. Behavior Therapy Systematic Desensitization

  18. Counter conditioning 2. Aversive Conditioning • type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant statewith an unwanted behavior • Reverse/opposite of desensitization Examples: • nausea ---> alcohol • Stop nail biting by painting nails with terrible taste polish and stop biting behavior

  19. Behavior Therapy • Aversion therapy for alcoholics

  20. Behavior Therapy B. Token Economy • an operant conditioning procedure that rewards desired behavior • patient exchanges a token of some sort, earned for exhibiting the desired behavior, for various privileges or treats

  21. 4.Cognitive Therapy Cognitive Therapy Who: Aaron Beck, Albert Ellis, Adele Rabin Goal: teaches people new, more adaptive & constructive ways of thinking and acting Stress inoculation training • Discover irrational thinking • Interpretation of life events in new perspective • Reverse self defeating thinking • based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions

  22. Cognitive Therapy • A cognitive perspective on psychological disorders

  23. Cognitive Behavior Therapy Type of cognitive behavior therapy: RET (Rational Emotive Therapy) Albert Ellis • Help one change their thinking • Shows them the irrational thinking • Demonstrates a way change behavior

  24. Therapy Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy a popular integrated therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior)

  25. Group and Family Therapies Family Therapy • treats the family as a system • views an individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by or directed at other family members • attempts to guide family members toward positive relationships and improved communication

  26. Cognitive Therapy • The Cognitive Revolution

  27. Cognitive Therapy • Cognitive therapy for depression

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