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WELCOME

WELCOME. TYPES OF READING MATERIAL FINDING READING MATERIALS DATABASE SEARCHING ACADEMIC WRITING STYLE CITING & REFERENCING http://www.hw.ac.uk/library/LifeSciences/lsinfoskills.htm. CONTENT. DIFFERENT TYPES OF READING MATERIAL Books / journals

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WELCOME

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  1. WELCOME TYPES OF READING MATERIAL FINDING READING MATERIALS DATABASE SEARCHING ACADEMIC WRITING STYLE CITING & REFERENCING http://www.hw.ac.uk/library/LifeSciences/lsinfoskills.htm

  2. CONTENT • DIFFERENT TYPES OF READING MATERIAL • Books / journals • FINDING READING MATERIALS • Books/journals • Articles - database searching • ACADEMIC WRITING • CITING & REFERENCING

  3. PROCESS ASSIGNMENTS READING WHAT TO READ? HOW TO FIND IT?

  4. WHAT TO READ & HOW TO FIND IT WHAT TO READ BOOKS JOURNALS ARTICLES HOW TO FIND IT CATALOGUE CATALOGUE/ A-Z LIST BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATABASES

  5. BOOKS • Usually one-off publications • can be multiple volume sets • 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, etc EDITIONS • Years apart

  6. BOOKS • Lengthy publication process • on average 2 years to pass from authors to library shelf • Fairly static information • Chapters - divided with headings • structured v chapters of literature

  7. BOOKS Authored • Single author • Multiple authors Edited • Single editor • Multiple editors Writethe content Co-ordinate authors contributions eg chapters Liaise between author/s & publishers

  8. Finding books

  9. JOURNALS • Published on ongoing basis e.g. monthly, quarterly, annually etc. • Series - volumes / issues • Also known as serials or periodicals • Each issue contains a number of ARTICLES

  10. JOURNALS • Publishing time relatively rapid • Good source of current information /new developments • Keeping up-to-date

  11. JOURNALS Be aware of the differences between • academic or scholarly journals • magazines • periodicals

  12. CONTENT & TEXT LENGTH Usually – • news • feature items • shorter articles • broader, more popular topics JOURNAL MAGAZINE Usually – • report original research findings • review original research • longer articles • focus on very specialised topics

  13. AUTHORS & AUDIENCE JOURNAL MAGAZINE • journalists or staff writers • aimed at general public – even if subject very specific • scholars/academics, considered experts in their field • targeted to specific group of scholars in a discipline

  14. FORMATTING & EDITING JOURNAL MAGAZINE • None of these common • May be short bibliography • Content reviewed by staff editor • Footnotes • Citing & referencing • Content is reviewed and critiqued by a board of other scholars in the discipline • Peer review

  15. FEATURES • pictures • photographs • glossy • advertising • colour JOURNAL MAGAZINE • illustrations • graphs • tables • calculations • black & white • text is dominant

  16. FINDING PRINT JOURNALS

  17. ELECTRONIC JOURNALS Content of print journals Digitised Available over a computer network / Internet

  18. FINDING ELECTRONIC JOURNALS http://www.hw.ac.uk/library

  19. FINDING ELECTRONIC JOURNALS

  20. FINDING ELECTRONIC JOURNALS Clickto access full text

  21. FINDING ELECTRONIC JOURNALS Links to contents pages

  22. FINDING ELECTRONIC JOURNALS Contents page Link to full-text

  23. FINDING ELECTRONIC JOURNALS Full-text article

  24. SUMMARY BOOKS JOURNALS • Longer publication time not so current • more GENERAL topics • relatively STATIC info • CHAPTERS CATALOGUE • Shorter publication time = more current • SPECIALISED topics • RECENT research • ARTICLES CATALOGUE = PRINT A-Z LIST = ELECTRONIC

  25. ARTICLES • Found within journals • Usually relatively short • Generally, report recent research studies

  26. ANATOMY OF AN ARTICLE • Introduction What/ Why • Methodology How • Results What found • Discussion Lit review/results • Conclusion/s Why results useful What CAN conclude What CAN’T conclude Further research needed

  27. ABSTRACT ABSTRACT This research subjected the visual rightness theory of picture perception to experimental scrutiny. It investigated the ability of adults untrained in the visual arts to discriminate between reproductions of original abstract and representational paintings by renowned artists from two experimentally manipulated less well-organized versions of each art stimulus. Perturbed stimuli contained either minor or major disruptions in the originals' principal structural networks. It was found that participants were significantly more successful in discriminating between originals and their highly altered, but not slightly altered, perturbation than expected by chance. Accuracy of detection was found to be a function of style of painting and a viewer's way of thinking about a work as determined from their verbal reactions to it. Specifically, hit rates for originals were highest for abstract works when participants focused on their compositional style and form and highest for representational works when their content and realism were the focus of attention. Findings support the view that visually right (i.e., "good") compositions have efficient structural organizations that are visually salient to viewers who lack formal training in the visual arts.

  28. HOW TO FIND ARTICLES • Browsing Table of Contents (TOC) - lists articles in each issue • Searching Databases / Literature search

  29. BROWSING Acta Psychologica 114(3) 2003 Special issue on "Visual Gestalt Formation” Pages 211-213 Peter A. van der Helm, Rob van Lier and Johan Wagemans Acts of perceptual inquiry: problems for any stimulus-based simplicity theory, Julian Hochberg Pages 215-228 Perceived complexity and the grouping effect in band patterns, Pages 229-244 Lars Strother and Michael Kubovy Print journal TOC

  30. BROWSING Electronic journal TOC Link to full-text

  31. SEARCHING • Databases • PsycINFO Psychology • SportsDiscus Sports & Exercise Science • Science Citation Index Multidisciplinary Web of Knowledge • Literature Search

  32. SEARCHING • PRINCIPLES OF DATABASE SEARCHING http://www.hw.ac.uk/library/LifeSciences/lsinfoskills.htm#Advanced • PRACTICAL SESSION (OWN TIME) • PsycINFO • SportsDiscus • http://www1.hw.ac.uk/library/electresa2z.php#OVID

  33. SEARCHING • What is a bibliographic database? • How do you go about searching a database? • Building a search strategy • Iterative approach

  34. RECORDS DATABASE ELECTRONIC FILING CABINET

  35. RECORD Journal article Book Book chapter

  36. SCOPE & COVERAGE • Every database has a different subject SCOPE & COVERAGE • Some specialise in one subject area eg PSYCINFO Psychology SPORTSDISCUS Sports & Exercise Science • Some are MULTIDISCIPLINARY eg Web of Science

  37. FIND RELEVANT SOURCES • Library Website > Databases page http://www1.hw.ac.uk/library/electresa2z.php • How to Find Out Guides Applied Psychology http://www.hw.ac.uk/library/LifeSciences/lspsychol.htm Sports & Exercise Science http://www.hw.ac.uk/library/LifeSciences/lssport.htm • PsycINFO and SportsDiscus via Ovid OnlineSubject Coverage: Sports science , psychology, social sciencesType: Bibliographic databaseFormat: NetworkedOn-Campus Access: ip Address (click on Connect)Off-Campus Access: ATHENS USERNAME AND PASSWORD REQUIRED[ Connect ] [ Information ]

  38. HOW DO YOU SEARCH A DATABASE? SEARCH STRATEGY • Clear research/essay question • Identify key CONCEPTS • Identify KEYWORDS • Broad and narrow terms • Synonyms, related and alternative terms • Alternative spellings/plurals • AND, OR, NOT (combining) • Applying limits

  39. RESEARCH QUESTION • Define the question you are asking - eg “Discuss the role of clinical psychology in recovery from depression after stroke.” • Identify main CONCEPTS • Identify KEYWORDS

  40. KEYWORDS • DEPRESSION / CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY / STROKE • Related to the main CONCEPTS • Provide SEARCH TERMS to use in the literature search

  41. IMPORTANCE OF KEYWORDS • Wrong keywords = wrong information • Too narrow = not enough information • Too broad = too much information

  42. BROAD/NARROW KEYWORDS • Distinguish broad and narrow terms – eg BEHAVIOURAL SYMPTOMS / DEPRESSION / CLINICAL DEPRESSION • Narrow terms fit inside broad terms Behavioural symptom Post-natal depression Depression Clinical Depression

  43. ALTERNATIVE TERMS / WORD ROOTS / PLURALS • Alternative / related terms Stroke Cerebrovascular Accident / CVA / Apoplexy • American spellings Behaviour Behavior • Plurals Stroke/s Behaviour/s • Word roots Behav$ iour, iours, ioural,

  44. STRATEGY MAP • Good idea to note main CONCEPTS • with ALL KEYWORDS for each concept

  45. STROKE Cerebrovascular Accident CVA Apoplexy Strokes CVAs Narrower Term Brain Infarction Broader Term Brain Diseases CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY Clinical Psychologist/s Narrower Term Clinical Neuropsychology Broader Term Psychology DEPRESSION Depressive – State/s Symptom/s Narrower Term Clinical Depression Broader Term Behavioural Symptoms STRATEGY MAP

  46. BUILDING BLOCK TECHNIQUE • Search for each concept • Combine concepts • AND, OR, NOT

  47. SET 1= STROKE SET 2= DEPRESSION AND INTERSECTION OR OR OR UNION NOT NOT EXCLUDING AND, OR, NOT

  48. STRATEGY MAP STROKE CLINCAL PSYCHOLOGY DEPRESSION Stroke/s OR Cerebrovascular Accidents OR CVA/s OR Apoplexy Clinical Psychology OR Clinical Psychologist/s Depression OR Depressive State/s OR Depressive Symptom/s AND AND

  49. APPLYING LIMITS • Date ranges • Publication type • Language

  50. ITERATIVE APPROACH • Seldom right first time • Expect to • Re-work • Modify • Try again • Modify each set of results until you find what you’re looking for • Very seldom you get exactly what you want first time!

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