Chapter 19 Notes

1. Chapter 19 Notes The Solar System

2. A sun-centered system of planets was developed by Copernicus The flash of light produced when a meteoroid passes through Earth’s atmosphere is a meteor.

3. The four terrestrial planets are known for their rocky surfaces. A stream of particles that are produced by the sun’s corona is called solar wind. The planet Venus rotates east to west, which means it has retrograde rotation.

4. Which of the following is NOT included in scientists’ “Goldilocks conditions” for supporting life : liquid water, ice, appropriate temperature, atmosphere? The asteroid belt is between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. A comet is a chunk of ice and dust that has a bright head and a long narrow tail

5. Prominences are loops of gas on the sun that link different parts of sunspot regions together. Pluto and Charon are often considered a double planet. Kepler used Brahe’s observation to show that the orbits of the planets areellipses/elliptical.

6. Sunspots are areas of gas on the sun that are cooler than the gases around them. Meteorites are meteoroids that entered our atmosphere and hit Earth without completely burning up. Scientist believe that Europe, one of Jupiter’s moons, may have water beneath its icy surface that could support life.

7. Meteoroids usually come from comets or asteroids. The tendency of an object to stay in motion or remain at rest is called inertia A heliocentric model of the planets is sun-centered.

8. Solar flares are explosions that occur when gas on the surface of the sun becomes extremely hot. Asteroids are chunks of rock or dust in orbit that are too small and too numerous to be considered planets. The sun’s energy comes from nuclear fusion.