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Workshop Writing Scientific Papers: Introduction

Clovis Torres Fernandes Learning and Interaction Laboratory – LAI Computer Science Department – IEC Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica – ITA. Workshop Writing Scientific Papers: Introduction. Workshop Goals. To present some tips for writing good introductions for scientific papers

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Workshop Writing Scientific Papers: Introduction

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  1. Clovis Torres Fernandes Learning and Interaction Laboratory – LAI Computer Science Department – IEC Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica – ITA WorkshopWriting Scientific Papers:Introduction

  2. Workshop Goals To present some tips for writing good introductions for scientific papers To gain hands-on experience applying some of the tips to real examples

  3. Paper Structure Title Resumo Palavras-chave Abstract Keywords Main Text Introduction

  4. Writing Process 5. Writing preliminarly the Introduction (optional) 7. Writing the Introduction

  5. Introduction It is an explanatory section at the beginning of a scientific paper

  6. Introduction It establishes the context of the work being reported It communicates the focus of your paper

  7. Introduction It should make your readers want to read your paper

  8. Introduction Structure Five Questions Scheme (or Three to Five Paragraphs) by Prof. Kristin Sainani Stanford University

  9. Introduction Structure What’s known? What’s unknown? What is your burning question/hypothesis/aim/problem to solve? What is your experimental approach or research methodology? How to link the Introduction to the text body?

  10. 1. What’s known? Introduce the research topic or issue Define the terminology, if need be Relate the topic to the existing research (literature)

  11. 1. What’s known? (cont.) Why is the topic important? What did we know about it before I did this study? What has so far been done on the topic?

  12. What’s known

  13. 2. What’s unknown? Limitations and gaps in previous studies Represented by phrases beginning with “But”, “However” etc. Use an example, if convenient, for exposing limitations and gaps

  14. 3. What is your burning question/hypothesis/aim/problem to solve?

  15. 4. What is your experimental approach or research methodology? Explain the theoretical framework the study is based on Why is your experimental approach or research methodology new and different and important (fills in the gaps)?

  16. 4. What is your experimental approach or research methodology? (cont.) What is the contribution of the paper on the problem? Is the contribution original? Explain why Is the contribution non-trivial? Explain why

  17. 5. How to link the Introduction to the text body? Ends with a short summary of the rest of the paper:
 "The remainder of the paper is structured as follows. In Section 2, we …"

  18. Tips for writing an Introduction

  19. Don't review all studies that have ever been published on the topic Keep paragraphs short

  20. Write for a general audience a clear, concise, non-technical text --> Describe the approach used in sufficient detail so that a reader who is not familiar with the technique will understand what was done and why

  21. Take the reader step by step from what is known to what is unknown. End with your specific question Known -->Unknown --> Question

  22. Emphasize howyour study fills in the gaps (the unknown)

  23. Explicitly and clearly state your research question/aim/hypothesis: “We asked whether …” “Our hypothesis was …” “We tested the hypothesis that …” “Our aim/s was/were …” “We face this challenge by focusing our analysis on …” ...

  24. Do not answer the research question (no results or implications) --> Controversial: you can mention very briefly the conclusion of the paper!

  25. Summarize at the end at a high level! Leave detailed descriptions, speculations, and criticisms of particular studies for the discussion/related works

  26. Yes, you can use passive voice! But, keep it to a minimum!

  27. Verb Tenses What’s known? What’s unknown? What is your burning question/hypothesis/aim/problem to solve? What is your experimental approach or research methodology? How to link the Introduction to the text body? Present Past Past Past Present: why is Important?

  28. Another Examples

  29. Read the introduction found in TIDIA: Workshop--ExerciseGoodBadIntroduction 01--The Essence of Object Orientation for CS0- Concepts without Code.pdf Tell if it follow the Five Questions Scheme, and why! Classroom Work

  30. Read the introduction found in TIDIA: Workshop--ExerciseGoodBadIntroduction 02--Easy Rubric--um Editor de Rubricas no Padrão IMS Rubric-VersaoFinal.pdf Tell if it follow the Five Questions Scheme, and why! Classroom Work

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