Use of remote sensing in monitoring algal blooms in inland water bodies

1. Fortaleza 1- 12 November 2010 Use of remote sensing in monitoring algal blooms in inland water bodies Anabel A. Lamaro alamaro@conae.gov.ar analamaro@fcnym.unlp.edu.ar

2. EUTROPHICATION A process where water bodies receive excess nutrients that stimulate excessive plant growth CAUSES CONSEQUENCES Massive development of algae and cyanobacteria. Low transparency Fish kills Presence of bad odors Decrease in the aesthetic quality of the resource Increased water treatment costs Health risks Excessive intake of nutrients P and N from point and diffuse sources.

3. General Purpose To developed a methodology for monitoring algal blooms from different satellite data analysis.

4. In situ Data Digital Data Limnological parameters Chlorophyll a • Landsat 5 TM y 7 ETM+, ASTER images • Source: CONAE catalog, USGS catalog Phytoplankton counting Secchi disk Water Surface Temperature Suspended Solids Processing Geometric correction Radiometric correction Atmospheric correction Radiometric Data 5 measurements per point (average). 2 minutes on each point. Height of 1.5-2 m. and perpendicular to the surface. Radiometer calibration.

5. StudiedAreas San Roque Reservoir Córdoba province Multiple Uses: • Flood Control. • Water supply for the city of Córdoba. • Electricity generation • Recreation. Río Tercero Reservoir • Multiple Uses: • Recreation. • Thermonuclear plant cooling.

6. Results Historical Data Secchi Disk vs. Band 2 radiance Río Tercero Reservoir n: 7 r: - 0.962629 Standard Error: 0.3897628 p: 0.000508 Obtained Model LnSecchi: 3.398527 - 0.130421 * Rad B2 Model Validation R²: 0.926 R² adjusted: 0.911 (meters) >3 0.25-1 2.1-3 1.1-2

7. Marzo 2000 Water Surface Temperature Thermal bands Landsat 7 ETM+ Agosto 2000

8. San Roque Reservoir Water surface conditions Historical and actual data January 30th ,2009 Historical data (since 1998) Archive images (± 3 days) March 20th,2009 Field sampling synchronized with the satellite pass (January-March 2009) Limnological data Radiometric data Digital data

9. 51% 49% Preliminaryresults March 20th ,2009 January 30th, 2009 Relative abundance of dominant species calculated by biovolumen P3 P5 13% 15% 85% 87% 26% 74% 2% 3% 97% 98% Ceratium sp. Cyanobacteria Diatoms

10. Analysis of field spectroradiometer curve 700- 1300 nm 500-590 nm 590-700 nm 400-500 nm Chlorophyll reflectance Chlorophyll reflectance Chlorophyll absortion

11. Comparison Radiance curve vs. Relative Abundance Site P6 3% 97% Ceratium sp. Cyanobacteria Laboratory culture

12. Correlation between limnological parameters and digital data March 20th, 2009 Obtained Model Estimated chlorophyll a n: 7 Lnchlrophyll: 26,49 – 0.44 Rad B2 -0.64 Rad B3 – 1.72 Rad B4 r: 0.97 R2: 0.94 p: 0.000001 Standard Error: 0.32 Estimated Chlorophyll Chlorophyll a concentration 400 225 50 In situ Chlorophyll Estimated: March 11st , 2000 Measured: March 13rd, 2000

13. ACTUAL WORKS • We are working with water treatment company for the future application of these methodologies in the Rio de la Plata estuary. • Oil spill monitoring in ocean water, near offshore platforms using RADAR images. • Water Quality Monitoring in Sectors of Uruguay River and in inland water bodies (i.e Ramsar sites, reserves, protected areas). IN A NEAR FUTURE For Fisheries Research and Development… To incorporate products of sea surface temperature, ocean color and others (from AVHRR, SeaWifs, Modis, Meris) to help to identify: Marine currents Thermal fronts Turbidity Phytoplankton (blooms or HAB’s) Sources of pollution

14. Thankyou!