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Macroecological and environmental patterns of urban algal biodiversity in Central Europe

MASARYK UNIVERSITY Faculty of Science Czech Republic. Bohuslav Uher , Kateřina Kintrová, Milan Chytrý, Zdenka Lososová & Zdenka Otýpkov á uherius@sci.muni.cz. Macroecological and environmental patterns of urban algal biodiversity in Central Europe.

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Macroecological and environmental patterns of urban algal biodiversity in Central Europe

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  1. MASARYK UNIVERSITY Faculty of Science Czech Republic Bohuslav Uher, Kateřina Kintrová, Milan Chytrý, Zdenka Lososová & Zdenka Otýpkováuherius@sci.muni.cz Macroecological and environmental patterns of urban algal biodiversity in Central Europe IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  2. Urban microflora European urban microfloras are at the periphery of scientific interests in phycology… Our question Are species richness, diversity and composition in Central European cities more strongly controlled by habitat, substrata or climatic conditions? Which species of microalgae are diagnostic for assemblages in Central European cities? IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  3. t < 9°C; precipitation > 700 mm; temp. difference VII-I >19 t < 9°C; precipitation < 700 mm; temp. difference VII-I >19 t < 9°C; precipitation > 700 mm; temp. difference VII-I <19 t < 9°C; precipitation < 700 mm; temp. difference VII-I <19 t > 9°C; precipitation < 700 mm; temp. difference VII-I >19 t > 9°C; precipitation < 700 mm; temp. difference VII-I <19 t > 9°C; precipitation > 700 mm; temp. difference VII-I >19 t > 9°C; precipitation > 700 mm; temp. difference VII-I <19 Studied cities ● Szczecin ● Hamburg ● Oldenburg ● Groningen ● Amsterodam ● Utrecht ● Kassel ● Halle ● Antwerpen ● Köln ● Chemnitz ● Krakow ● Praha ● Ostrava ● Würzburg ● Brno ● Košice ● Regensburg ● Stuttgart ●Augsburg ● Bratislava ● Linz ● München ● Debrecen ● Freiburg ● Salzburg ● Budapest ● Innsbruck ● Berne ● Maribor ● Geneve ● Ljubljana IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  4. ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Chemnitz ● Mean annual temperature Chemnitz 7.4°C Budapest 11.2°C ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Budapest ● ● ● ● ● IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  5. ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Halle ● ● Chemnitz ● Mean annual temperature Chemnitz 7.4°C Budapest 11.2°C ● ● ● ● ● Mean annual rainfall Halle 539 mm Ljubljana 1312 mm ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Budapest ● ● ● ● ● Ljubljana IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  6. ● ● ● ● ● Amsterodam ● ● ● ● Halle ● ● Chemnitz ● Mean annual temperature Chemnitz 7.4°C Budapest 11.2°C ● ● Mean July-January temperature difference Amsterdam 14.2°C Debrecen 23°C ● ● ● Mean annual rainfall Halle 539 mm Ljubljana 1312 mm ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Debrecen ● ● ● Budapest ● ● ● ● ● Ljubljana IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  7. Sampling design June–August; 2007–2009 four different urban habitats (cetre- tree bark, park- tree bark, centre-sandstone, park-sandstone) 1 m above the ground presence/absence data species were characterized according to their taxonomy and autecology (7 taxonomic groups) Cultivation Media BBM, Z and bi-phase (water-soil) Statistical analysis CANOCO version 4.5, JUICE IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  8. Sampling site Habitat Culture Detail of substrate Microscopy Petri dishes IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  9. Centre Centre - bark Centre - sandstone IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  10. City park City park – bark City park - sandstone IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  11. RESULTS • Total species richness: 129 taxa • Frequence of species: 0-55 Centre (mean 10), 0-56 Bark (mean 17) • All habitats: min 9 max 53 (mean 28) • Habitat Centre: min 9 max 41 (mean 20) • Habitat Park: min 19 max 53 (mean 35) IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  12. 9.3 11.7 8.5 14.9 12.1 11.4 Explained variation in species composition climate urban habitat type (substrate+environment) all species Trebouxiophyceae Klebsormidiophyceae RDA analysis IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  13. axis 2 axis 1 Ordination by partial PCA, with habitat types used (substrate+environment) as passively projected variables and climate data as covariables IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  14. axis 2 HABITAT OPTIMUM SPECIES axis 1 Ordination by partial PCA, with habitat types used as passively projected variables and climate data as covariables IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  15. axis 2 SPECIES ENV. VARIABLES axis 1 RDA analysis, for species and climate IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  16. axis 2 SAMPLE OPTIMUM SPECIES axis 1 RDA analysis, for species and habitat types IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  17. axis 2 SPECIES ENV. VARIABLES CITIES axis 1 RDA analysis, for Trentepohliophyceae and climate with cities IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  18. DIAGNOSTIC SPECIES OF URBAN MICROALGAL ASSEMBLAGES(JUICE - Cluster analysis) • Synoptic table with 129 taxa • 8 clusters • Interpretable only clusters 6, 7 and 8 • Cluster 6 – Park habitat in eastern part of Central Europe • Cluster 7 – Tree Bark in western part of Central Europe • Cluster 8 – Sandstone in western part of Central Europe IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  19. Continental climate, in Park habitat - Diagnostic species • Pseudococcomyxa adhaerens • Desmococcus olivaceus • Tetracystis excentrica • Xanthonema pascheri • Tetracystis sarcinalis • Chlorella fusca • Neochloris pyrenoidosa Pseudococcomyxa Desmococcus Xanthonema IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  20. Oceanic climate in Park on Bark - Diagnostic species • Prasiola sp. • Luticola sp. • Pseudendoclonium printzii • Dilabifilum arthropyreniae • Chamaepinnularia sp. • Botrydiopsis callosa • Spongiochloris sp. • Stichococcus exiguus • Klebsormidium nitens • Mesotaenium chlamydosporum • Phycopeltis sp. Prasiola Luticola Pseudendoclonium IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  21. Oceanic climate, in Park on Sandstone - Diagnostic species • Trentepohlia aurea • Trentepohlia iolithus • Parachlorella kessleri • Botrydiopsis sp. Trentopohlia Trentopohlia Parachlorella IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  22. Conclusions • Differences among urban habitats and substrata cause the most important changes in species composition and diversity of urban phycoflora (except class Trentepohliophyceae – climatic conditions) • The climatic conditions (continentality) are important predictors for significant differences in microalgal assemblages • Diagnostic species were found only for three interpretable assemblages because of suboceanic gradient across Central Europe IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

  23. Acknowledgements Project was supported by GA AV ČR Thanks for your attention IAC, 16.-20. August 2010, České Budějovice

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