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DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSORS

DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSORS. What are Digital Signals?. Digital signals have finite precision in both the time (sampled) and amplitude (quantized) domains. What are Digital Signal Processors?. Digital Signal Processors are microprocessors optimized to perform digital signal processing tasks.

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DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSORS

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  1. DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSORS

  2. What are Digital Signals? • Digital signals have finite precision in both the time (sampled) and amplitude (quantized) domains.

  3. What are Digital Signal Processors? • Digital Signal Processors are microprocessors optimized to perform digital signal processing tasks.

  4. Uses of DSPs • Telephone: Signal Multiplexing • Military: RADAR • Medicine: MRI • Scientific: Spectral Analysis • Industrial: Oil Prospecting • Commercial: Movie Special Effects

  5. Uses (contd…)

  6. Characteristics of DSPs • Real-time processing • Limited data types (e.g. floating point) • Very Large Instruction Word (VLIW) architecture

  7. Characteristics (contd…) • DSPs are optimized for mathematical calculations (as opposed to data manipulation).

  8. Characteristics (contd…) • Harvard Architecture

  9. Characteristics (contd…) • Specialized registers (e.g. extended precision accumulators) • Onboard fast RAM, ROM, DMA • Massive Parallelism

  10. Floating Point vs. Fixed Point • Advantages of Floating Point: • Precision • Greater Dynamic Range • Shorter Development Time • Better Signal-to-noise Ratio • Disadvantages of Floating Point: • Expensive

  11. Assembly vs. C • Advantages of Assembly • Faster • Requires less memory • Disadvantages of Assembly • Expensive • Hard to maintain • Intimate knowledge of hardware required

  12. Sample DSP: SMJ320C6701 • Military DSP used in munitions guidance, avionics, navigation, electronic countermeasures, anti-submarine warfare, etc.

  13. SMJ320C6701 (contd…) • Up to 1 GFLOPS at 167 MHz • Load/Store architecture • Instructions operate on data in registers

  14. SMJ320C6701 (contd…) • VLIW architecture • IEEE floating point • Double precision 4 cycle throughput • Single precision 1 cycle throughput • Variable length execution packets

  15. SMJ320C6701 (contd…) • CPU

  16. SMJ320C6701 (contd…) • Internal Program Memory • Internal Data Memory • Host Port Interface • Allows other processors access to internal DSP memory.

  17. SMJ320C6701 (contd…) • Multichannel Buffered Serial Port • Allows fast inter-processor communication • Direct Memory Access • Fewer CPU interrupts • External Memory Interface • Glueless interface to SBRAM, SRDRAM and SRAM

  18. Some Signals • CLOCK • CLKIN: clock input • CLKMODE: x4 or x1 output clock f • DMA • DMAC3,2,1,0: DMA action complete • EMIF control • CE3,2,1,0: memory space enables, enabled by bits 24 and 25 of word address

  19. Some Signals (contd…) • Bus Arbitration • HOLD: HOLD request • HOLDA: HOLD acknowledge • DRAM control • SDRAS: SDRAM row address strobe • SDCAS: SDRAM column strobe • SDWE: SDRAM write enable • SDCLK: SDRAM clock

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