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BNL Irradiation Studies and the LHC Collimators

This research study focuses on the irradiation effects and damage assessment of various materials used in LHC collimators. It includes experiments on graphite, carbon composite, Super-Invar, 3D-weaved Carbon-Carbon composite, Toyota "Gum Metal," Glidcop_15AL, and more. The study also examines the annealing and thermal properties of these materials.

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BNL Irradiation Studies and the LHC Collimators

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  1. BNL Irradiation Studiesand the LHC Collimators Nick Simos, BNLsimos@bnl.gov

  2. BNL R & D Overview PHASE I-a: 24 GeV beam on Graphite and Carbon Composite targets including beam windows PHASE I-b: Irradiation Damage Assessment of Super-Invar (plus Inconel-718) PHASE II: Target Material Irradiation – Expanded Matrix • 3D-weaved Carbon-Carbon Composite • Toyota “Gum Metal” • Graphite (IG-43) • AlBeMet • Beryllium • Ti Alloy (6Al-4V) • Vascomax • Nickel-Plated Aluminum – NuMI Horn PHASE II-a: Irradiation effects on 2D-weaved CC composite for Phase I LHC Collimators PHASE III: Receiving protons since 11 AM, May 4, 2006 … (includes LHC Phase II collimator materials)

  3. PHASE III (current study) - Overview PRIMARY • Pure Copper (annealed) • Glidcop_15AL – Cu alloyed with .15% Al (axial cut and transverse cut) • 3D-weaved Carbon-Carbon Composite • 2D-weaved Carbon-Carbon SECONDARY • Super-Invar (most challenging of all materials in matrix!) • Re-introduction of irradiated material into the assembly including annealed and non-annealed specimens • Toyota “Gum Metal” (90% cold-worked plus typical grade tested during Phase II) • Two Graphite Grades (IG-43 and IG-430) ALSO • Ti Alloy (6Al-4V) • Bonded graphite to Titanium and Copper (45 degree bond orientation and 90-degree orientation) • Tungsten • Tantalum • Miscellaneous materials (AlBemet; Vascomax) • Nickel-Plated Aluminum of the NuMI horn (expose it to more irradiation and compare the surface degradation between the two irradiation phases) • Examine electrical resistivity degradation • Examine effects of irradiation on thermal conductivity LHC-relevant Materials

  4. 3D-weaved CC 2D CC (fibers only along parallel planes) Graphite vs. Carbon-Carbon CC superior to graphite in thermal shock Serious DAMAGE of 2D CC after heavy irradiation exposure Annealing (reversing irradiation damage) of 3D CC Dramatic Irradiation Effects on Graphite Conductivity Annealingis also exhibited by 2D CC !!!

  5. Re-considering Super-Invar – Why? Initial study showed that low CTE disappears with irradiation Things did not look promising. Re-examination reveals self-annealing characteristics !! Irradiated invar undergone annealing through thermal cycling Has gone back in the beam for more irradiation.

  6. The Beam is ON (as of Thursday, May 4, 11 AM!!!!

  7. Thermal Expansion of Annealed Copper and Glidcop_AL15 Analysis of Non-irradiated Material – Baseline Establishment BNL experiment confirmed the CTE value of Copper indicating stability and precision of the experimental process

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