1 / 33

LOCOMOTION II: SEGMENTATION AND BEYOND

LOCOMOTION II: SEGMENTATION AND BEYOND. The next step - worms. Annelida - a significant improvement in body architecture. SEGMENTATION. Dividing the body into smaller repeated units. Annelida - a significant improvement in body architecture. SEGMENTATION - Why??.

bluma
Download Presentation

LOCOMOTION II: SEGMENTATION AND BEYOND

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. LOCOMOTION II: SEGMENTATION AND BEYOND

  2. The next step - worms

  3. Annelida - a significant improvement in body architecture SEGMENTATION Dividing the body into smaller repeated units

  4. Annelida - a significant improvement in body architecture SEGMENTATION - Why?? 1. Allows more precise movement - reorient and twist part of the body

  5. Annelida - a significant improvement in body architecture SEGMENTATION - Why?? 2. Allows muscle contraction without bulging mesoderm = muscle If muscle contracts without segments Standard coelomate body plan. contracting area

  6. Annelida - a significant improvement in body architecture SEGMENTATION - Why?? 2. Allows muscle contraction without bulging If muscle contracts without segments If muscle contracts with segments Area of contraction is restricted

  7. Annelida - a significant improvement in body architecture SEGMENTATION - Why?? 2. Allows muscle contraction without bulging

  8. Longitudinal muscles relax Circular muscles contract Longitudinal muscles contract Circular muscles relax

  9. Earthworm movement Centre of contraction Affected segments

  10. Polychaete worms Add a new feature – appendages

  11. Polychaete worms Parapodia

  12. Nereis Two kinds of locomotion 1) Slow crawl Contraction of levator muscles Recovery stroke Contraction of transverse parapodial muscles Propulsive stroke

  13. Nereis Two kinds of locomotion 1) Slow crawl 2) Fast crawl

  14. ARTHROPODS: HARD AND CRUNCHY

  15. Insect Integument (Exoskeleton) N - acetylglucosamine polymer O = C - CH2 NH H CH2OH O O H H H H OH O H H OH O NH CH2OH H O = C - CH2 n

  16. Insect Integument (Exoskeleton) O = C - CH2 NH H CH2OH O H H H H OH O H H OH O NH CH2OH H O = C - CH2 CO NH CO NH CO NH NH CO NH CO NH CO CO NH CO NH CO NH NH CO NH CO NH CO hydrogen bonds

  17. Insect Integument (Exoskeleton) microfibril N - acetylglucosamine polymer sheets of microfibrils orientation of microfibrils changes

  18. Insect Integument (Exoskeleton) Protein Matrix

  19. Insect Integument (Exoskeleton) Cross linking of protein matrix

  20. Insect Integument (Exoskeleton) Cross linking of protein matrix OH O OH OH O OH OH OH Protein Protein CH2 CH2 CH2 Protein Protein C CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 N-acetyl dopamine N-acetyl dopamine quinone

  21. What other common material has cross-linked fibres in a matrix? Oriented Strand Board (OSB) Plywood Plywood

  22. Insect Integument (Exoskeleton) kg/mm2 Tensile strength of sclerotized chitin (sclerotin)

  23. Insect Leg - Articulation monocondylic dicondylic leg leg Decreasing mobility Increasing strength

  24. Insect Leg Muscles Extensor Flexor Dicondylic joint

  25. Scorpion leg musculature

  26. Echinodermata – tube feet – back to hydrostatics

  27. Echinoderm structure

  28. Echinoderm structure

  29. Tube Foot Structure

  30. 1. 2. 5. 4. 3.

  31. 6. valve

More Related