Needs of Living Things

1. Needs of Living Things

2. Characteristics of Living Things • Cellular Organization • Uses energy • Contain Similar Chemicals • Respond to surroundings • Reproduce • Grow and Develop

3. Cellular Organization • All living things are composed of cells • Unicellular – single-celled organisms (ex. Bacteria)

4. Cellular Organization • Multicellular – organisms that are composed of more than one cell (ex. Humans)

5. Chemicals of Life • All living things contain similar chemicals • The most abundant chemical in cells is water

6. Use Energy • All living things use energy to do the things that living things must do (ex. Grow and repair injured parts)

7. Growth and Development • Growth is the process of becoming larger • Development is the process of change that occurs during an organism’s life to produce a more complex organism

8. Response • A Response is when a living thing reacts to stimuli • Stimuli is a change in your surroundings

9. Response • All living things respond to stimuli • Living things respond in different ways • The ways in which living things respond is called behavior

10. Response • Migration to warm places in a response • Hibernation (sleeping) through the winter months is another example

11. Reproduction • Reproduction is the process by which living things produce new organisms (offspring) like themselves.

12. Spontaneous Generation • Spontaneous Generation is the idea that living things come from nonliving things. • Francesco Redi disproved this theory.

13. What Do Living Things Need? • Water • Energy • Living Space • Stable Internal Conditions

14. Water • Plants & animals cannot survive without water

15. Water • Water is used to transport stuff through living things • Water is necessary to carry out chemical changes in living things

16. Energy • All energy comes from the sun • Autotrophs (organisms that make their own food) get their energy directly from the sun

17. Energy • Heterotrophs (organisms that cannot make their own food) get their energy indirectly from the sun

18. Living Space • Living space includes air, water, sunlight, food, and shelter • Organisms need living space to survive • Organisms compete for living space

19. Stable Internal Conditions • Proper temperature is necessary for living things to carry out life processes • Many living things would die without homeostasis

20. Stable Internal Conditions • Homeostasis is the ability of a living thing to keep conditions inside its body constant

21. Stable Internal Conditions • Homeostasis keeps life processes working even if external temperature changes

22. What are Life Processes? • Life processes are the things an organism must do to stay alive • Living things carry out all life processes

23. Life Processes • Ingestion • Digestion • Respiration • Excretion

24. Life Processes • Ingestion • taking in food • Digestion • breaking food down so it can be used

25. Life Processes • Respiration • using oxygen to get energy from food • Excretion • getting rid of waste