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Renaissance and Baroque Architecture

Renaissance and Baroque Architecture. Architectural History ACT 322 Doris Kemp. Topics. The Renaissance in France The Renaissance in England The Early Baroque. The Renaissance in France. The Italian Renaissance made its way to France partly through French military interventions in Italy

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Renaissance and Baroque Architecture

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  1. Renaissance and Baroque Architecture Architectural History ACT 322 Doris Kemp

  2. Topics • The Renaissance in France • The Renaissance in England • The Early Baroque

  3. The Renaissance in France • The Italian Renaissance made its way to France partly through French military interventions in Italy • The artistic influence of the Italian Renaissance made its way back to France • The French transported Italian art back to France and hired Italian architects for commissions • French also sent students to study the arts in Italy

  4. The Renaissance in France • The cultural center of France during the sixteenth century was in the valley of the Loire • Not Paris • A popular leisure and vacation spot by the rulers and nobility of France • Key structures • Chateau of Blois • Chateau of Chambord

  5. The Renaissance in France • Chateau of Blois • Illustrates the transition from Medieval to Renaissance style through a series of expansions over the centuries • Begun in the thirteenth century • Between 1498 and 1504, Louis XII added an east wing that would ultimately include a courtyard • Between 1515 and 1524, Frances I added a north wing and an extravagant spiraling staircase

  6. The Renaissance in France http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  7. The Renaissance in France http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  8. The Renaissance in France • Chateau of Chambord • Built in the countryside in the style of a fortified castle • The “keep” of the structure has a suite of rooms in each corner • Features a double staircase • Persons ascending one side are unable to see people ascending the otherside

  9. The Renaissance in France http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  10. The Renaissance in France http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  11. The Renaissance in France http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  12. The Renaissance in France • After 1526, the French capitol became fixed in Paris • Many building improvements were undertaken on existing structures • Key structures • Louvre Palace • Place Royale

  13. The Renaissance in France • Louvre Palace • Underwent many structural expansions in the Renaissance style • A series of courtyards were added • The façade was redesigned • Corinthian and Composite half columns and pilasters • Elongated windows and pavilions at the extremities and the center • Sculpture was added by Jean Goujon • A famous French sculptor of the time

  14. The Renaissance in France http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  15. The Renaissance in France http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  16. The Renaissance in France • The Place Royale • Now known as the Place des Vosges • Laid out from 1605 to 1612 • Used for residential purposes • Each house was four bays wide and three stories high • The royal pavilions featured more elaborate décor and higher rooflines • Although the shared the same arcades with the other “commoner” pavilions

  17. The Renaissance in France http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  18. The Renaissance in France http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  19. The Renaissance in England • The earliest expression of the Renaissance in England appeared in sculpture and the decorative arts • The Gothic style continued to survive in England throughout the Renaissance although there were a few structures of the Renaissance style • Wollaton Hall, Nottingham • Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire

  20. The Renaissance in England • Wollaton Hall, Nottingham • An example of some of the great houses built during the Elizabethan period in England • Designed by Robert Smythson for the Sheriff of Nottingham • Symmetrical square plan • Corner pavilions • Long gallery for lodging

  21. The Renaissance in England http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  22. The Renaissance in England http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  23. The Renaissance in England • Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire • Shares many of Wollaton’s characteristics in plan and elevation • Features contiguous exterior colonnades that reflect contemporary Italian design http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  24. The Renaissance in England http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  25. The Renaissance in England http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  26. Early Baroque Architecture • Unlike the Renaissance, which was brought on by rich merchants and traders, the Baroque was brought on by the Catholic Church in Rome • Commissioned many works that would become the Baroque style during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries

  27. Early Baroque Architecture • Basilica of St. Peter • the most important Christian monument in Rome • 25 years after the death of Michelangelo reconstruction on the dome began • Was at last brought to completion during the Baroque period • Finished in 1612 and consecrated by the Pope in 1626

  28. Early Baroque Architecture http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  29. Early Baroque Architecture http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  30. Early Baroque Architecture http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  31. Early Baroque Architecture http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html

  32. References • Sullivan, Mary; http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/ • http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html • Trachtenburg/Hyman; Architecture: From Prehistory to Postmodernity • Wodehouse/Moffett; A History of Western Architecture

  33. Renaissance and Baroque Architecture Architectural History ACT 322 Doris Kemp

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