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  1. Register Registers are normally measured by the number of bits they can hold, for example, an "8-bit register" or a "32-bit register". Registers are now usually implemented as a register file, but they have also been implemented using individual flip-flops, high speed core memory, thin film memory, and other ways in various machines.

  2. Types of Registers A processor often contains several kinds of registers, that can be classified according to their content or instructions that operate on them: • User-accessible Registers - The most common division of user-accessible registers is into data registers and address registers. • Data registers are used to hold numeric values such as integer and floating-point values. In some older and low end CPUs, a special data register, known as the accumulator, is used implicitly for many operations.

  3. Types of registers • Address registers hold addresses and are used by instructions that indirectly access memory. In some CPUs, a special address register is an index register, although often these hold numbers used to modify addresses rather than holding addresses.

  4. Types of Registers • Conditional registers hold truth values often used to determine whether some instruction should or should not be executed. • General purpose registers (GPRs) can store both data and addresses, i.e., they are combined Data/Address registers. • Floating point registers (FPRs) store floating point numbers in many architectures.

  5. Types of Registers • Constant registers hold read-only values such as zero, one, or pi. • Vector registers hold data for vector processing done by SIMD instructions (Single Instruction, Multiple Data). • Special purpose registers hold program state; they usually include the program counter (aka instruction pointer), stack pointer, and status register (aka processor status word). • Instruction registers store the instruction currently being executed. • Index registers are used for modifying operand addresses during the run of a program.

  6. Types of Registers • In some architectures, model-specific registers (also called machine-specific registers) store data and settings related to the processor itself. Because their meanings are attached to the design of a specific processor, they cannot be expected to remain standard between processor generations. • Control and status registers - It has three types. Program counter, instruction registers, Program status word (PSW). • Registers related to fetching information from RAM, a collection of storage registers located on separate chips from the CPU (unlike most of the above, these are generally not architectural registers): • Memory buffer register • Memory data register • Memory address register • Memory Type Range Registers

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