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Path to War

Path to War. Chapter 26. Was WW II caused by Germany’s actions in both Austria & Czechoslovakia?. No, World War II had long term causes The Treaty of Versailles – 1919 Patriotic Germans had never forgotten their nation's treatment in Paris in that year. Britain & France.

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Path to War

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  1. Path to War Chapter 26

  2. Was WW II caused by Germany’s actions in both Austria & Czechoslovakia? • No, World War II had long term causes • The Treaty of Versailles – 1919 • Patriotic Germans had never forgotten their nation's treatment in Paris in that year

  3. Britain & France Why was the League of Nations so weak? • Could not enforce its decisions it lacked an army What nations were best equipped to provide the League with the much needed ‘muscle’?

  4. Why was Europe so confident in assuming peace would last? Two treaties were signed • 1st – The Locarno Treaty of 1925 • Germany joined the League of Nations in 1926 • 2nd – Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928 • In both treaties nations vowed to use diplomacy

  5. How did these two treaties make Europe feel? Secure • By 1929 Europe was lulled into a false sense of security • Politicians stated that war was no longer an option • previous enemies now friends

  6. Why did Japan attack Manchuria in 1931? • Japan had invested vast sums of money into Manchuria’s economy • An explosion on the Railway gave the army the excuse it needed (sabotage)

  7. How did The League react to Japan’s aggression? • Established a Commission of Enquiry • Japan should withdraw • Japan resigned from the League

  8. Why did Italy invade Ethiopia in Oct 1935? • Mussolini desired to show the world how powerful Italy was. • He saw himself as a modern day Julius Caesar • Ethiopia appealed to the League for help • The League condemned the attack • Imposed economic sanctions on Italy • All members didn’t

  9. Why did Hitler withdraw from the Disarmament Conference of 1933? • France refused his plan • France should disarm to the level of Germany or that Germany should re-arm to the level of France

  10. How did Hitler rearm so quickly? • He secretly began rearming in 1933 • In 1935, Hitler went public on Nazi’s military expansion • Compulsory military conscription How did the League react? • The League did nothing (condemned it) • France built the Maginot Line • Britain signed a Naval treaty with Germany • The start of appeasement

  11. In March 1936 Hitler reoccupies the Rhineland • Strengthened his power within Germany • Balance of power now favored Germany • The league’s weak response encouraged Hitler’s plans of expansion

  12. Birds of a feather flock together • The League opposed Italy’s 1935 invasion of Ethiopia • Hitler supported Mussolini expansion • Both sent troops to Spain • Became allied in Oct 1936 Rome to Berlin Axis

  13. Anschluss with Austria • In 1938 Hitler threatens to invade • Nazis are put in charge of Austria • German troops are welcomed • Austria is annexed

  14. Lebensraum – Living space • 1938 Hitler demands the Sudetenland • Claims they’re mostly Germans anyway Sudeten woman dutifully salutes parading Nazis, October, 1938

  15. Munich Conference • British, French, German & Italian reps meet • Caved to Hitler’s demands • High point of Western Appeasement • Chamberlain boasts – “peace for our time”

  16. Why did Hitler sign a treaty in August of 1939 with the USSR? • Avoided a two-front war • Could now attack Poland • Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact

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