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Overview of the PHENIX Upgrades Program

Overview of the PHENIX Upgrades Program. Edward O’Brien PHENIX FVTX and NCC Science Review Brookhaven National Lab July 9, 10 2007. Current Status of PHENIX. The PHENIX Detector (2007 Run). Detector Redundancy Fine Granularity, Mass Resolution High Data Rate Good Particle ID

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Overview of the PHENIX Upgrades Program

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  1. Overview of the PHENIXUpgrades Program Edward O’Brien PHENIX FVTX and NCC Science Review Brookhaven National Lab July 9, 10 2007

  2. Current Status of PHENIX DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  3. The PHENIX Detector (2007 Run) • Detector Redundancy • Fine Granularity, Mass Resolution • High Data Rate • Good Particle ID • Limited Acceptance • Charged Particle Tracking: • Drift Chamber • Pad Chamber • Time Expansion Chamber/TRD • Cathode Strip Chambers(Mu Tracking) • Particle ID: • Time of Flight (East and West) • Ring Imaging Cerenkov Counter • TEC/TRD • Muon ID (PDT’s) • Aerogel Cerenkov Counter • Hadron Blind Detector • Calorimetry: • Pb Scintillator • Pb Glass • Muon Piston Calorimeter • Event Characterization: • Reaction Plane Detector • Beam-Beam Counter • Zero Degree Calorimeter/Shower Max Detector • Forward Calorimeter DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  4. The RHIC Run History • The RHIC machine performance has been very impressive: • Collided 4 different species in 7 years • AuAu, dAu, pp, CuCu • 6 energies run • 9.2 GeV, 19 GeV, 22.5 GeV, 62.4 GeV, 130 GeV, 200 GeV Most machine design luminosity specs have been surpassed ! PHENIX Year Species s1/2 [GeV ] LdtNtot (sampled)Data Size Run1 2000 Au-Au 130 1 mb-1 10 M 3 TB Run2 2001/02 Au-Au 200 24 mb-1 170 M 10 TB Au-Au 19 ------ <1 M p-p 200 0.15 pb-1 3.7 G 20 TB Run3 2002/03 d-Au 200 2.74 nb-1 5.5 G 46 TB p-p 200 0.35 pb-1 6.6 G 35 TB Run4 2003/04 Au-Au 200 241 mb-1 1.5 G 270 TB Au-Au 62.4 9 mb-1 58 M 10 TB Run5 2005 Cu-Cu 200 3 nb-1 8.6 G 173 TB Cu-Cu 62.4 0.19 nb-1 0.4 G 48 TB Cu-Cu 22.4 2.7 mb-1 9 M 1 TB p-p 200 3.8 pb-1 85 G 262 TB Run-6 2006 p-p 200 10.7 pb-1 233 G 310 TB p-p 62.4 0.1 pb-1 10 G 25 TB Run-7 2007 Au-Au 200 813 mb-1 5.1 G 650 TB Transferred 0.6 PB of data to Japan via the GRID for Analysis in 2005/06 DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  5. PHENIX Run-5,6,7 PHENIX Run Control ATLAS PHENIX Run-4 PHENIX Run-3 LHCb PHENIX Run-2 CMS Comparable Data Archiving Rates ALICE All in MB/s all approximate ~1250 ~600 ~150 ~100 ~100 ~100 ~25 ~40 DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  6. Aerogel Hadron Blind Detector Time of Flight-West st = 90 ps z-vertex selections by BBC MPC Reaction Plane Detector [-40,40] cm [-30, -20] cm [-5,5] cm [20,30] cm RXN north charged mult. (a.u.) RXN south charged mult. (a.u.) Examples of Recent Progress DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  7. The PHENIX Upgrade Program DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  8. VTX+ FVTX VTX +FVTX • Charged Particle Tracking: • Drift Chamber • Pad Chamber • Time Expansion Chamber/TRD • Cathode Strip Chambers(Mu Tracking) • Forward Muon Trigger Detector (MuTrig) • Si Vertex Tracking Detector- Barrel (VTX) • Si Vertex Endcap (FVTX) • Particle ID: • Time of Flight • Ring Imaging Cerenkov Counter • TEC/TRD • Muon ID (PDT’s) • Aerogel Cerenkov Counter • Multi-Resistive Plate Chamber Time of Flight • Hadron Blind Detector • Calorimetry: • Pb Scintillator • Pb Glass • Nose Cone Calorimeter (NCC) • Muon Piston Calorimeter • Event Characterization: • Beam-Beam Counter • Zero Degree Calorimeter/Shower Max Detector • Forward Calorimeter • Reaction Plane Detector • Data Acquisition: • DAQ Upgrade The Upgraded PHENIX Detector • Detector Redundancy • Fine Granularity, Mass Resolution • High Data Rate • Good Particle ID • Limited Acceptance • Charged Particle Tracking: • Drift Chamber • Pad Chamber • Time Expansion Chamber/TRD • Cathode Strip Chambers(Mu Tracking) • Particle ID: • Time of Flight (East and West) • Ring Imaging Cerenkov Counter • TEC/TRD • Muon ID (PDT’s) • Aerogel Cerenkov Counter • Hadron Blind Calorimeter • Calorimetry: • Pb Scintillator • Pb Glass • Muon Piston Calorimeter • Event Characterization: • Multiplicity Vertex Detector (Si Strip,Pad) • Beam-Beam Counter • Zero Degree Calorimeter/Shower Max Detector • Forward Calorimeter DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  9. Future PHENIX Acceptance for Hard Probes NCC Run-11 NCC Run-11 CENTRAL ARMS MUON Run-2 ARMS MUON Run-3 ARMS VTX Run-10 FVTX Run-11 FVTX Run-11 CENTRAL ARMS MPC Run -6 MPC Run-7 Baseline 0 f coverage 2p -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 rapidity • Heavy flavor with precision vertex tracking with silicon detectors • Direct g and p0 with combination of all electromagnetic calorimeters • Combine a) & b) for jet tomography with g-jet DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  10. Future Upgrade Subsystems Silicon VTXand FVTX MuTrig Station 1 MuTrig Station 2 Nose Cone Calorimeter MuTrig Station 3 DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  11. Upgrade Schedule Plan R&D Phase Construction Phase Ready for Data DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  12. Heavy Ion Physics: • QCD Phase Transition: new state of partonic matter (sQuark Gluon Plasma) • Global properties of the medium (dN/dh, HBT, ET, fluctuations) • Particle Spectra and ratios (parton coalescence) • Photons and Thermal Radiation (including e+e- continuum). • Azimuthal Anisotropy (v2) (viscosity, h/s) • J/Y Production/ Absorption. (Color screening, regeneration) • Energy Loss mechanisms, RAA (Energy densities, gluon densities) • Jet Modifications (Tomography and shock waves) • Heavy Quark/Open Charm ( v2 and Energy loss mechanisms) • Polarized Protons: • Nucleon Spin • Gluon spin: G • W-parity sea quark spin: ubar, dbar • Nucleon transverse spin distr., transversity • Proton-Nucleus: • Structure function physics • Gluon saturation • Shadowing, anti-shadowing… • Color Glass Condensate • Cold nuclear physics (Cronin effect) Search for the QCD Critical Point: • Is there a QCD Critical Point and if so where is it (T, mB) ? • Global properties (Correlation functions, Fluctuations <n>, <pT>) • Particle spectra and ratios • e+e- continuum • Azimuthal Anisotropy (v2), v2 scaling with quark number • Energy Loss, RAA • Jet Modification, shape of away-side peak RHIC Physics Program DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  13. Upgrade Physics Flavor Tagged high pT Physics Flavor Tagged high pT Physics A LL, A N Spin structureforward h Elliptic flow, esp. heavy quark v2 Low mass di-electrons heavy quark spectroscopy, g-jet, jet tomography heavy quark spectroscopy, jet tomography, CGC heavy quark physics, g-jet, CGC, jet tomography Quark spin structure, W-production New subsystems, higher luminosity, higher data rates R&D Phase Construction Phase Ready for Data DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  14. FVTX Si Endcaps Nose Cone Calorimeter VTX Si Barrel PHENIX Upgrades The VTX, FVTX and NCC both individually & in combination make the following measurements possible in Heavy Ion, polarized p-p & p-nucleus physics: • Heavy quark behavior (c, b quark characteristics in dense medium) • Charmonium spectroscopy (J/, ’ , c and ) • Gluon spin structure (DG/G) through g-jet correlations • Transversity • A-, pT-, x-dependence of the parton structure of nuclei • Gluon saturation and the color glass condensate at low x DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  15. strip layers pixel layers beam pipe Barrel VTX Detector • Specifications: • Large acceptance (Df ~ 2 p and |h| < 1.2) • Displaced vertex measurement s < 40 mm • Charged particle tracking sp/p ~ 5% p at high pT • Detector must work for both HI and pp collisions. • Technology Choice • Hybrid pixel detectors developed at CERN for ALICE • Strip detectors, sensors developed at BNL with FNAL’s SVX4 readout chip Hybrid Pixel Detectors (50 mm x 425 mm) at R ~ 2.5 & 5 cm Strip Detectors (80 mm x 3 cm) at R ~ 10 & 14 cm • |h|<1.2 • ~ 2p z~ ± 10 cm DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  16. EM1 electromagnetic EM2 electromagnetic HAD hadron identifier 500 um pitch Strips (“StriPixels”) Silicon pads 1.5x1.5 cm2 PS “pre-shower” SM “shower max” 10 GeV electron Readout in 3 longitudinal units σ = 10% Depth: 42X0 (1.6 λABS) RMoliere ~1.8 cm Tungsten 3 mm (EM) & 15mm (HAD) Nose Cone Calorimeter • Tungsten-Silicon Calorimeter • Combination EM and Hadronic section • Includes both preshower and shower max sections to optimize p0 identification • Smallest practical Moliere radius needed due to location 40 cm from PHENIX IP • Covers 2p in azimuth and 1.0 < h < 3.0 DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  17. NCC Energy loss at forward h g-jet measurements GS-B GS-A ALL GS-C DG at low x Measurement of the cc pT (GeV/c) Nose Cone Calorimeter Physics Program of NCC includes: • Factor of 5 increase in coverage for g-jet measurements • Energy loss at forward rapidiites • Charm through electron channel at forward rapidities • Suppression effects of cc in HI collisions • Nuclear modification factor (CGC effects) in dAu using p 0, h, direct g • Measure DG at low x DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  18. PHENIX Nose Cone Calorimeter • The NCC extends our very successful program of using calorimetry to measure photons, jets and electrons into an important pseudo-rapidity region 1.0 < h < 3.0 where we cover 2p in azimuth • The DOE funded project costs $4.3M ($FY07) and involves physicists and engineers from 23 collaborating institutions in 6 countries. • The DOE project covers the construction of one NCC. Non-US funds are actively being sought to fund the second NCC. BNL, Charles Univ, Chonbuk Univ, Columbia Univ, Czech Tech Univ, Czech Inst of Phys, Ewha Womans Univ, Florida State, FNAL,Helsinki Inst of Physics, Iowa State Univ, JINR-Dubna, Jyvaskyla Univ, Korea Univ, Moscow State Univ, Myongji Univ, RIKEN, Stony Brook Univ, Tsukuba Univ, Univ Cal Riverside, Univ of Colorado, Univ of Illinois-UC, Yonsei Univ • Approx. 1/3 of PHENIX institutions • are involved in this project. • Good balance between HI and Spin physicists • Balance between personnel with expertise in hardware, software and physics analysis DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  19. Forward Silicon Vertex Detector - FVTX FVTX Specifications: • 2 endcaps • 4 pixelpad layers/endcap • ~550k channels/endcap • Electronics a mod of BTeV readout chip • Fully integrated mech design w/ VTX • 2p coverage in azimuth and 1.2 < | h | < 2.4 • Better than 100 mm displaced vertex resolution DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  20. Large expansion of x coverage Direct measure of B Au+Au B J / m m Prompt J / J/y, y’ separation c, b suppression at forward h Forward Silicon Vertex Detector - FVTX Physics Program of FVTX includes • Resolving J/y and y’ in Muon arms • Resolving  at y=0 using Muon arms • Direct measure of B meson through displaced J/y • Drell-Yan Measurements in dAu at both forward and midrapidities • c, b ID for both HI physics & DG spin measurements • Nuclear modification factor (CGC effects) in dAu using hadrons, c, b, and J/y DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  21. PHENIX Forward Silicon Vertex • The two silicon endcaps of the FVTX project extends our ability to do physics studies using heavy quark probes into forward rapidities. It will enable the separation of c and b components in HI, spin and p-A physics processes as well as expand of our ability to do quarkonium spectroscopy. • The DOE funded project costs $4.6M ($FY07) and involves physicists and engineers from 14 institutions in 6 countries BNL, CEA- Saclay, Charles Univ, Columbia Univ, Czech Tech Univ, Czech Inst of Phys, Iowa State, Jyvaskyla Univ, KEK, Kyoto Univ, LANL, New Mexico State Univ, Univ of New Mexico, Yonsei Univ • Approx. 20% of PHENIX institutions • are involved in this project. • Good balance between HI and Spin physicists • Balance between personnel with expertise in hardware, software and physics analysis DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  22. MuTrig Station 1 MuTrig Station 1 MuTrig Station 2 MuTrig Station 2 MuTrig Station 3 MuTrig Station 3 Muon Trigger The Muon Trigger Upgrade consists of: • 6 Stations of Resistive Plate Chambers • 3 North, 3 South • Addition of LVL1 electronics to MuTracker • St2, St3 North and St2, St3 South • Increases LVL1 rejection by 2 orders of magnitude DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  23. Muon Trigger Measuring sea quark contributions to proton spin via W production at RHIC Ws in polarized p-p: • limited x-coverage • high Q2  theoretically clean • no Fragmentation Function-info needed DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  24. Heavy Ion Physics: • QCD Phase Transition: new state of partonic matter (sQuark Gluon Plasma) • Global properties of the medium (dN/dh, HBT, ET, fluctuations) • Particle Spectra and ratios (parton coalescence) • Photons and Thermal Radiation (including e+e- continuum). • Azimuthal Anisotropy (v2) (viscosity, h/s) • J/Y Production/ Absorption. (Color screening, regeneration) • Energy Loss mechanisms, RAA (Energy densities, gluon densities) • Jet Modifications (Tomography and shock waves) • Heavy Quark/Open Charm ( v2 and Energy loss mechanisms) • Polarized Protons: • Nucleon Spin • Gluon spin: G • W-parity sea quark spin: ubar, dbar • Nucleon transverse spin distr., transversity • Proton-Nucleus: • Structure function physics • Gluon saturation • Shadowing, anti-shadowing… • Color Glass Condensate • Cold nuclear physics (Cronin effect) Search for the QCD Critical Point: • Is there a QCD Critical Point and if so where is it (T, mB) ? • Global properties (Correlation functions, Fluctuations <n>, <pT>) • Particle spectra and ratios • e+e- continuum • Azimuthal Anisotropy (v2), v2 scaling with quark number • Energy Loss, RAA • Jet Modification, shape of away-side peak RHIC Upgrade Physics Program DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  25. Executive Council Detector Council Collaboration How is it Managed? PHENIX Management Spokesperson - Barbara Jacak StonyBrook U Dpty Spokesperson Rich Seto UC- Riverside Dpty Spokesperson- Yasuyuki Akiba RIKEN Dpty Spokesperson Matthias Grosse-Perdekamp UIUC Operations Manager Edward O’Brien BNL Upgrade Manager- Axel Drees Stony Brook U Institutional Board • Members of PHENIX propose upgrade to PM • EC/DC approve • Design • Construction • PM & DC manage project to completion • Large projects require BNL & DOE approval Physics Working Groups Coordinators Chief Engineer D. Lynch BNL DAQ Coor. J. Haggerty BNL Computing Coor. D. Morrison BNL Analysis Coor. R. Averbeck Stony Brook Trigger Coor. J. Nagle UColorado Run Coor. M. Leitch LANL PHENIX Admin B. Johnson BNL DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  26. How PHENIX Reviews the Upgrade Projects Each major upgrade project in PHENIX requires a 3 step process for internal approval: • Letter of Intent • Gets the project onto our radar screen and into our long term plans • Conceptual Design Report • Prior to start of significant R&D and preliminary design efforts • Technical Design Report • Prior to construction start. • Each step has an associated Executive/Detector Council Review • Internal PHENIX review committees are appointed to review each major upgrade project • Monthly interaction with and reporting to the PHENIX Detector Council • This process is in addition to, and in most cases synchronized with the BNL and DOE review processes. DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  27. Overview of NCC, FVTX Upgrade Progress • Internal Reviews passed • EC/DC review of LoI May 2004 • EC/DC review of CDR Dec 2005 • BNL Upgrades Review March 2006 • EC/DC review of TDR Feb 2007 • Documents provided to PHENIX Management • NCC LoI May 2004, FVTX July 2004 • CDR March 2006 • TDR June 2007 DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  28. Upgrade Schedule Progress      started R&D Phase Construction Phase Ready for Data DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  29. Summary • PHENIX has just completed its seventh successful year of data taking • Much of our physics interest over the next 5-6 years is associated with the PHENIX Upgrades program • Heavy quark energy loss and elliptic flow • e+e- continuum • High pT physics with flavor-tagging • Nucleon spin over expanded x and pT range • Large rapidity coverage for g – jet • Quark spin structure • Gluon saturation and Color-Glass condensate…… • The PHENIX Upgrade Plan has a good start in its implementation • Aerogel, TOF-West, MPC-S, MPC-N, and RXNP are complete. • Hadron Blind Detector completed engineering run in 2007. Physics run with full detector 2008. • VTX-Barrel construction is underway. Approved by both DOE and RIKEN-Japan. • Forward Muon Trigger has secured funding for production (NSF&JSPS). Design has begun. • DAQ Upgrade R&D is ongoing with continuous upgrades. • NCC and FVTX looking for DOE approval of construction start in FY2008. • Plan is to have Upgrades detector built, and taking data in the next few years. • All upgrades will be mature physics instruments by the time RHIC-II is running at high luminosity. DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

  30. VTX Review Agenda BNL Perspective on the NCC and FVTX Tom Ludlam Overview of the PHENIX Upgrade Program Ed O’Brien HI Physics with the NCC & FVTX Detector Axel Drees Spin Physics with the NCC & FVTX Detector Matthias Grosse-Perdekamp NCC-1 Concept and Implementation Rich Seto NCC-2 Status (R&D, Scientific & Technical) Ed Kistenev FVTX-1 Concept and Implementation Melynda Brooks FVTX-2 Status (R&D, Scientific & Technical) Dave Lee DOE FVTX and NCC Science Review Edward O’Brien July 9, 10 2007

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