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3. CHAPTER. BASIC APPLLICATION SOFTWARE. Common Errors Resulting in Spreadsheet Formulas. Common Spreadsheet Errors. #### ● Cause : Not enough space for the result. ● Solution : Increasing cell space (column width) #VALUE ● Cause : Type of value/ cell in the argument is not valid.

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  1. 3 CHAPTER BASIC APPLLICATION SOFTWARE

  2. Common Errors Resulting in Spreadsheet Formulas

  3. Common Spreadsheet Errors • #### ● Cause: Not enough space for the result. ● Solution: Increasing cell space (column width) • #VALUE ●Cause: Type of value/ cell in the argument is not valid. ● Solution: Change the argument type. • #DIV/0 • Cause: A division by zero happens in the formula. • Solution: Avoid the situation of this invalid division. • #REF • Cause: Appear when a cell included in the formula/ function doesn’t exist anymore. • Solution: Rewrite the formula with the existing values/ cells on the sheet.

  4. Lecture Objectives • Charts Overview • Charting Example: Student Performance Charts • Common Spreadsheet Charts • Column/ Bar Chart • Pie Chart • Line Chart

  5. Charts Overview • A chart is a graphical representation of data values in a worksheet. • Charts allows easier interpretation of facts (comparisons, trends & patterns) hidden inside numbers. • Every chart delivers a specific message about the plotted data. • Nature of the chart message implies the type of the chart to be used.

  6. Example: Charting Spreadsheet Data

  7. ….Example: Charting Spreadsheet Data Column Chart Columns are side- by-side or clustered (for each student). What is the rank of each student with respect to scores in different exams? (Comparing Values)

  8. ….Example: Charting Spreadsheet Data Pie Chart For Mr. Adam, what percentage of his total score comes from each exam? (Comparing percentages in a total value)

  9. ….Example: Charting Spreadsheet Data Line Chart What performance trend, each student is exhibiting with time?(Comparing trends)

  10. Chart Terminology • Data Point • Plotted data values. • Data Series Name • A name given to a collection of data values which belong to a single row or column (shown by colors). • Category Labels • A label for further defining (another dimension) a data value in a series (shown by labels on X-axis).

  11. Chart Terminology Here,Series (Exam Name)–Appears in ColumnsCategory (Student Name)–appears in Rows. ● Every colored column refers to a data point. ● Every color identifies a series (collection of data points belonging to a specific exam) ● Every cluster (X-axis Label) identifies a category -Series &Category Labels could be used interchangeably.-It affects only the organization of visual elements (colored columns).

  12. Chart Terminology Here,Series (Student Names)–Appears in RowsCategory (Exam Name)–appears in Columns. -Series & Category Labels could be used interchangeably.-It affects only the organization of visual elements (columns).

  13. Main Chart Types in Microsoft Excel • Column Chart • Bar Chart • Pie Chart • Line Chart • Doughnut Chart • Area/ Radar/ Surface/ Bubble/ Stock/ Cylinder/ User Defined

  14. Pie Chart Details • Pie Chart • Used to display proportional relationships among different items. • Cannot plot more than one series. • Interpretation: • Circle (pie) shows the total amount. • Every slice shows the contribution (%age) of each data value in the total. • Key Words: • percentage • market share What percentage of total revenue in 1998 comes from each product?

  15. Pie Chart Sub-Types Pie Chart Sub-Types

  16. Column Chart Details • Column/ Bar Chart • Used to show/ compare actual numbers rather than percentages. • Bar chart is only a horizontal representation of a column chart. • Interpretation: • The length of vertical column/ horizontal bar tells the actual value. • Key words: • What is the rank of something among …? • What is the value of each? • Compare the values…? What is the revenue produced by each product in each year?

  17. … Column Chart Details Column Chart Bar Chart

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