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Artificial Insemination (AI) and In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Lecture

This lecture covers the history, types, and methods of artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization in both animals and humans. It also discusses the benefits of these reproductive technologies.

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Artificial Insemination (AI) and In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Lecture

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  1. بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم التلقيح الإصطناعى والإخصاب الخارجى Artificial Insemination(AI) and (IVF)In VitroFertilization

  2. Lecture Contents • 1- History of artificial insemination • 2- Types of artificial insemination • 3- Artificial insemination in farm and laboratory animals • 4- In vitro fertilization in humans and baby test tube • 5- Benefits Artificial insemination and In vitro fertilization

  3. 1- History of artificial insemination

  4. 2- Types of artificial inseminationانواع التلقيح الاصطناعي أ- التلقيح الاصطناعي الداخلي Artificial insemination (AI) It is the collection of semen from the male and diluted it , then inject the semen in the uterus of the female later by special injectors tube (IUT) . ب- التلقيح الاصطناعي الخارجي (في الطبق)IVF)In Vitro Fertilization ( Is the collection of semen from the male, and collect the oocytes from the female, and fertilize the oocytes in vitro (externally or in the petri dish).

  5. Semen collection methodsطرق جمع السائل المنوي Semen collection from male using one of the following methods:- 1- المهبل الاصطناعي Artificial Vagina 2- التدليك المباشر للقضيب Massage of penis 3- جهاز التنبيه الكهربائي Electro-Ejaculator 4- الملعقة المهبلية Vaginal spongy 5- من البربخCaudaEpididymis

  6. - المهبل الاصطناعي 1- Artificial Vagina It is a rubber tube connected with steel valve, lining with inner soft membrane, rubbery funnel cone shape, rubber bands, glass tube and is used in large animals, sheep, rabbits, and each has its own vagina due to the length of the penis. 2- التدليك المباشر للقضيب 2-Direct Massage of penis It is the most convenient and less side effects on animals. Direct massage was done for assistant gland by hand Used for humans and some animal species like dogs and cats. Some animals need training for collection semen like monky.

  7. - اشكال المهبل الاصطناعي 1- Artificial Vagina

  8. 3- جهاز التنبيه الكهربائي 3-Electro-Ejaculator It is a metal probe, like a penis, connected with the electrodes gives a wave electric (or battery) ranges between 0-15 volts .It inserted in the rectum of the male to stimulate the ejaculatory and seminal glands of the male. It is used for males when they can not collect semen from them by artificial vagina . It is quick and easy way, but they are painful to the male and the amount of semen that is collected from the male is less than the artificial vagina way. Usually used for wiled animals like deer and some domestic animals.

  9. أ-جهاز القذف الكهربائي متنقل يعمل بالبطارية الجافة ب- جهاز القذف الكهربائي يعمل بالتيار الكهربائي

  10. - الملعقة المهبلية 4-Vaginal spongy • 1- Is a long spoon to collect semen from the female's vagina after intercourse directly, and may be connected to suction tube to suck the sperm from the vagina • 2- They used to mate a male with a female outside the heat or estrous cycle. • 3- It can be used for horse , cow and camles. • 4- The amount of semen, which collect is less, and semen may be contaminated with fluids of the vagina.

  11. - من ذيل البربخ او الأنيبيبات المنوية 5- From CaudaEpididymis 1- Used for laboratory animals such as rat and mice • 2- In a man who has no sperm in the semen, sperms collected by a surgical process, cutting off part of the seminiferous tubules and spreading it under a microscope to extract the sperm and then injected into the oocytes by intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) technique.

  12. Semen evaluationتقييم السائل المنوي 1- Evaluation of the maleتقييم الذكر • In terms of age, weight, size and especially the testes, and free from diseases. 2- Evaluation of the semen 1 - qualitative assessment * The volume of ejaculate: ranged between 2-15 ml according to the species of the male. * The appearance of semen and color: creamy white or yellowish.

  13. 2- Microscopic evaluation * Movement of the sperm * Forms of the sperm * Sperm concentrations 3- Testes on the semen 1- قياس صدمة البرودة Cold shock • Suddenly cooled to 4-5 OC and measuring the living and the dead before and after the test. • 2- المقاومة للحرارة العالية High heat resistance • Sperm storage at a temperature of 37-39 Co for some time, and calculate the movement and the living and the dead.

  14. 3- قياس الرقم أو الأس الهيدروجينيMeasure the number or the pH • Fresh semen is often neutral, then rises slightly and becomes acidic due to the increase the carbon dioxide CO2 and lactic acid accumulation in the semen. • 4- صبغة الحي والميت Dye the living and dead sperm • Where is a sample of sperm was dye by methylene blue, toluidine, or Eocene heimatoxyline; the dead sperm take the dye color (for membrane permeability), while the live sperm remains a white color green or transparent. الشكل يوضح بعضاً من حالات فحص الحيوانات المنوية باستخدام الصبغة الفلورسنتية. الحيوان المنوي المصبوغ باللون الأخضر حيوان منوي حي، والحيوان المنوي المصبوغ باللون الأحمر ميت

  15. * Methods of collecting eggs from female 1- From life organism (From the surface of the ovary at ovulation) …….. Ovum Pick Up 2- After slaughter of organism There are three ways to collect eggs from the ovary after the slaughter of the organism as follows: - 1- Aspiration 2- Puncture 3- Slicing 3- From the oviduct

  16. 1- From life organism (From the surface of the ovary at ovulation) …….. Ovum Pick Up

  17. Ova collection form ovary After slaughter of sheep

  18. From the oviduct • Eggs entered the oviduct of the female mice hormonally activated • b) The oocytes exited from the oviduct and surounded with the cumulus cells.

  19. Collection requirements and evaluation of oocytes • 1- Structure of the female reproductive system • 2- Knowledge of the reproductive cycle of the female and hormonal control way • 3- How to maturate the oocytes and fertilized in vitro • 4- How to evaluate and judge the oocytes quality (polar body, irregular cytoplasm, the number of layers of cumulus cells around the ova)

  20. 3- Artificial Insemination of large and laboratory animal 1- التلقيح الاصطناعي الداخلي ( AI) It is the deposit of the sperms in the uterus of the female to fertilize the oocyte inside of the female reproductive system ,usually oviduct. Artificial insemination procedure was done by using of sperm with special specifications, pure and free from disease, have been collected from male integrity and have same specifications and superior genetic, semen has been keeping and frozen in liquid nitrogen in straws with a capacity ranging between 10 6 sperm in a quarter to one ml.

  21. حاقنة خاصة تدفع عبر المهبل، تتجاوز منطقة عنق الرحم لقذف الحيوانات المنوية داخل الرحم أو لنقل الأجنة كما في طفل الأنبوب للمرأة.

  22. In the laboratory animals such as mice, rat, and rabbit, semen collected from the epididymis in mice and rat while in rabbit collected by artificial vagina, then injected through the vagina using special tube to reach to the uterine horn and push the semen.

  23. 2- الطريقة العلمية للإخصاب الخارجي (في الطبق) IVF Summarized method of in vitro fertilization IVF in the outer dish after collecting the sperm as the appropriate way to the male, as well as collect the oocytes from the females by the above-mentioned methods. Then making the IVF. • 1- تحقن إناث الفئران بالهرمون المحفز لنمو الحويصلات (FSH) بما يترواح بين 5-10 وحدة دولية (IU). • 2- بعد 48 ساعة يتم حقن الإناث بهرمون التبويض (LH) 5-10 وحدة دولية • 3- بعد 14-16 ساعة يتم تشريح الإناث واستخراج البويضات من قناة البيض (شكل 88-أ). • 4- يتم جمع الحيوانات المنوية من الذكر من منطقة ذيل البربخ ثم توضع الحيوانات المنوية في بيئة زيادة القدرة الاخصابية (Capacitation media). ثم يتم عمل الاخصاب الخارحي بوضع الحيوانات المنوية (10×6 10 ul=) على قطرة البويضات • 4- يتم التخلص من الخلايا الحويصلية حول البويضات بوضعها في بيئة تحتوي على 300 وحدة دولية تقريبا من أنزيم الهيالورونديز(Hyaluronidase) لمدة 3-5د

  24. 5- ثم تغسل بوساطة البيئة ثلاث مرات • 6- يتم عمل الإخصاب الاصطناعي الخارجي بوضع كمية معينة من سائل الحيوانات المنوية على البويضات تحت قطرة من البيئة في طبق بتري(شكل 88-ب). • 7- تغطى قطرات البيئة بوساطة زيت البرافين ( Paraffin-Meneral oil ) لمنع التبخر والمحافظة على قطرات البيئة . • 8- توضع الأطباق في الحضان المزود بالهواء 95% وثاني أكسيد الكربون 5%. • 9- يتم متابعة النمو للأجنة (شكل 88-ج)وتغير البيئة كل يوم للتغذية والتخلص من الفضلات.

  25. خطوات الإخصاب الخارجى فى الفئران البويضات بعد استخراجها من قناة البيض وإزالة الخلايا الحويصلية عنها البويضة وقد تمت إضافة الحيوانات المنوية إليها الإخصاب الخارجي (في الطبق)

  26. نمو بويضات للفأر المخصبة خارجيا وتكوين الأجنة في مراحل التفلج

  27. 4- In vitro Fertilization-in-human-and-Test-Tube-Babies طريقة جمع البويضات من مبيض المرأة بوساطة المنظار أو اللابروسكوب؛ حيث يتم عمل فتحة صغيرة في البطن أو من خلال إبرة، تخترق جدار المهبل إلى تجويف البطن ثم على المبيض ليتم شفط الحويصلات من سطحه. نقل الأجنة بعد وصولها إلى مرحلة البلاستوسيست

  28. 5- The benefits of artificial inseminationفوائد التلقيح الاصطناعي • 1- The right choice for the desired specifications through the use of semen from the male with the appropriate specifications desired. • 2- Reduce costs by reducing the amount of males in the farm. • 3- The possibility of fertilization in the best time for the females. • 4- Control of diseases transmitted through sexual intercourse. • 5- Solving the problems of infertility.

  29. شكراً لحسن إستماعكم

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