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Age of Enlightenment 1600-1750

Age of Enlightenment 1600-1750. New Ideas about Government and Philosophy. Thomas Hobbes. Main Ideas Social contract- agreement between the government and the people Wants government to have complete control Has a negative view of people Influence on History Social contract

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Age of Enlightenment 1600-1750

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  1. Age of Enlightenment1600-1750 New Ideas about Government and Philosophy

  2. Thomas Hobbes Main Ideas • Social contract- agreement between the government and the people • Wants government to have complete control • Has a negative view of people Influence on History • Social contract • Leaders that focus on having a strict government • Safety and order are more important than rights

  3. Modern Examples of Hobbes’ Ideas

  4. Montesquieu Main Ideas • Wanted a system of checks and balance • Separation of power- no one person has too much power Influence on History • Constitutions around world • French Revolution • 3 Branches of U.S. government- system of checks and balance

  5. John Locke • Main Ideas - Establishes the importance of natural rights - Positive view of humans - Universal ability to reason = people should be able to govern themselves • Influence on History - American and French Revolutions - Natural rights --> Declaration of Independence

  6. Locke’s influence on the Founding Fathers “ We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.”

  7. Political Spectrum

  8. Voltaire Main Ideas • Wants a separation between Church and State- no theocracies • Openly mocks kings and church leaders • Candide is one of the most famous satirical works in history. Influence on History • Influences the Bill of Rights- which preserve freedom of speech, thought and expression • Reduces the amount of censorship by European Monarchs • Encourages religious tolerance

  9. Current Examples of Political Satire

  10. Rousseau Main Ideas • Had a positive view of people • The different parts of society corrupts the individual • Wanted each individual person to participate in democracy Influence on History • Direct democracy • American and French Revolutions

  11. Common People participating in Revolutions

  12. Mary Wollstonecraft Main Ideas • Supported women’s rights • Wanted gender equality for education and property rights Influence / Long term effects • Women eventually gain the right to vote and equality through laws

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