Transformations Around the Globe

1. Transformations Around the Globe Chapter 28

2. China • Self-sufficient • Did not want anything from the Europeans • Europeans had access to the port at Guangzhou - opium

3. Opium Wars - 1839 - 1842 • China’s outdated fishing ships destroyed by Britain’s battleships • Treaty of Nanjing gave US and European citizens extraterritorial rights – foreigners were not subject to Chinese laws at Guangzhou and four other Chinese ports

4. Internal Problems • Read the Qing emperor’s letter to Britain before the war pg 806 • The Chinese were not happy with the Qing’s inability to stop the opium trade • Taiping Rebellion – reformers took over but broke up while in charge – very bloody

5. Cixi • Dowager Empress from 1862 – 1908 • Self-strengthening movement of education, diplomatic relations, military, industrial (rifles, gunboats, ammo) • Although successful, many European nations and Japan gained a sphere of influence

6. U.S. Sphere of Influence • Open Door Policy – doors be opened to all nations • This strengthened trading rights for Europe and US and protected China from colonization

7. The Righteous Harmonious Fist • Boxer Rebellion – angry about foreign influence • “death to the foreign devils” • Very bloody but put down in Beijing – people wanted change

8. Don’t forget: You can copy-paste this slide into other presentations, and move or resize the poll.

9. Don’t forget: You can copy-paste this slide into other presentations, and move or resize the poll.

10. Don’t forget: You can copy-paste this slide into other presentations, and move or resize the poll.

11. Don’t forget: You can copy-paste this slide into other presentations, and move or resize the poll.

12. Japanese Modernization • Meiji Restoration • Treaty of Kanagawa – US Commodore Matthew Perry opened two ports for trade • Just like China, by 1960 several had been opened

13. Meiji Power • Feeling strong like western nations, Japan wanted to expand and gain more resources • Japan attacks Korea and China in the Sino-Japanese War • Gave Japan the colony of Taiwan – much conflict today between Taiwan, China, and Japan over Taiwan

14. Russo-Japanese War • Russia wanted Manchuria • Treaty of Portsmouth give Japan Korea as colony, later annex it

15. Latin America

16. Latin America • Large landowners owned everything. Workers were basically slaves. Unequal distribution. • Army leaders, called caudillos, became military dictators • Wealthy landowners supported caudillos because caudillos did not want to give power to the lower classes

17. Latin America Economies • Export oriented • The steam engine, boats and railroads, made Latin America an important trading partner. • Refrigeration made beef and fruits easier to export • Because Latin America exchanged their exports for manufactured goods, their economies did not develop

18. Latin America Economies • Countries that imported a lot of goods did not use their money on important things like schools and hospitals • They borrowed money to improve their export facilities • Why is this bad?

19. Economic Colonialism • Latin American countries couldn’t pay back their loans • Many European countries tried to reconquer the new republics

20. Monroe Doctrine • “the American continents are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers” • 1832

21. Cuba • Declared its independence from Spain in 1868 and fought a ten year war • Gave up • I thought the US had the Monroe Doctrine???

22. Jose Marti • Exiled from Cuba and lived in New York • Dragged the US into another war with Spain

23. Spanish-American War • USS Maine - Philippines, then the Caribbean • United States instilled a military government – not independence • Yellow Journalism, TR and the Rough Riders • The United States gain Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines

24. American Giant • Wanted to dominate even further - video • Offered Panama $10 million plus a yearly payment to build the canal • Big deal for trading and war

25. Roosevelt Corollary • An extension to the Monroe Doctrine • Said we are an “international police power” • Used this to police Latin America

26. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna • Leader of Mexican independence from Spain in 1821 – Mexican president in 1833 • Americans were getting a little rowdy – Stephen Austin • Lead a revolt against Mexico to make Texas part of the US

27. The Alamo • Santa Anna beat 200 American rebels with 3,000 Mexicans • Davy Crocket - Video • Battle of San Jacinto – Sam Houston catches Santa Anna napping • Pg 176 & 16

28. Mexican-American War • Nueces River/Rio Grande • “fifty-four forty or fight” • Ordered across the river • Dominated

29. Benito Juarez and La Reforma • Opposite of Santa Anna – put his country first • Redistribute land, separate church and state, increase educational opportunities for the poor • Sent into exile by Santa Anna

30. Porfirio Diaz • Caudillo • Dictatorial powers to stay elected

31. Madero Begins the Revolution • Francisco Madero – educated in France and US, democracy • Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata became popular. Wanted more for the poor • Madero was elected president, but Pancho and Zapata didn’t like that • Eventually a new constitution was adopted in 1917 under Venustiano Carranza