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From the Tang to the Mongols: The Flowering of Traditional China

. China after the Han (220-581)Division and civil war Nomads from the Gobi DesertDecline of Confucian principlesBuddhismChina Reunified: The Sui, the Tang, and the Song The Su (581-618) Yang Jian (Yang Chien)Daoism and BuddhismSui Yangdi (Sui Yang Ti)Collapse of the Sui1400 mile long

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From the Tang to the Mongols: The Flowering of Traditional China

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    1. Chapter 10 From the Tang to the Mongols: The Flowering of Traditional China

    2. China after the Han (220-581) Division and civil war Nomads from the Gobi Desert Decline of Confucian principles Buddhism China Reunified: The Sui, the Tang, and the Song The Su (581-618) Yang Jian (Yang Chien) Daoism and Buddhism Sui Yangdi (Sui Yang Ti) Collapse of the Sui 1400 mile long Grand Canal Connects Yellow and Yangtze Rivers

    6. The Tang (618-907) Li Yuan established a new dynasty after the murder of the last Sui Tang Taizong (T’ang T’ai-tsung) Expansion Cultural growth – poetry and sculpture Buddhism Xuanzong (Husan Tsung), 712-756 Yang Guifei (Yang Kuei-fei) Uighers The Song (960-1279) Song Taizu (Sung T’ai-tsu) Collapse Mongols, 1279

    8. Political Structures: Triumph of Confucianism Equal Opportunity in China: The Civil Service Examination Grand Council Department of State Affairs Army Bureaucracy Civil Service Exam Confucianism Song examination system – based only on Confucianism Three levels Qualifying exams – accept teaching level positions Second exam – given every three years; apply for official positions Final exam – given every three years at the imperial palace; eligible for high positions Only males given exams and poor generally excluded Censorate

    9. Local Government District governed by a magistrate Village governed by council of elders Economy and Society Tang reduced power of the nobility Equal field system Land manipulation and opening new lands Urban economy saw significant increase in trade and manufacturing Ocean Trade and the Silk Road Guilds “Flying money” Long distance trade overland and by sea Silk Road – hazardous Development of sea trade Chang’an Canton

    10. Daily Life in Traditional China Mixture in the countryside of landed gentry, free farmers, sharecroppers, and landless laborers Rise of the landed gentry Forms of entertainment Transportation New Foods Peasants Village Family Male superiority Children expected to obey parents Women New form of dowry – bride’s parents pay the groom’s family a dowry Bound feet Wu Zhao, (625?-706?), Empress Wu

    12. Explosion in Central Asia: The Mongol Empire Mongols succeeded the Song as rulers in 1279 Genghis Khan (Temuchin), Universal Ruler Fire lance Karakorum Separate khnates Khubliai Khan (1260-1294) Khanbaliq (Beijing) Mongol Rule in China Yaun dynasty Adapted to the Chinese political system and made use of local talents in the bureaucracy Prosperity Weaknesses Excessive spending, inadequate tax revenues, factionalism and corruption at court Zhu Yuanzhang (Chu Yuan-chang)

    15. In Search of the Way Rise and Decline of Buddhism and Daoism Common people and the ruling class New sects in Buddhism Chan (Zen in Japan) Mind training and strict Pure Land White Lotus Equating dharma (law) with Dao (the Way) Corruption Temples and monasteries destroyed Denial of Confucian teachings Competition from Manechaeanism and Islam

    16. Neo Confucianism: The Investigation of Things Revival following decline of Buddhism and Daoism Alteration Unite Buddhism and Daoism with Confucianism Zhu Xi (Chu Hsi) Social ethics Wang Yangming The Apogee of Chinese Culture Literature Paper and moveable type Ink rubbings and woodblock Poetry, drama and prose fiction Art Buddhism and Daoist painting and sculpture Ceramics Painting

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