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Understanding Complex Numbers and Image Formation in Digital Systems

This refresher explores the role of complex numbers in digital imaging and video systems, detailing how images are formed through various methods, such as pinhole cameras and cathode ray tubes (CRTs). It covers critical concepts like dynamic range, quantization in time, space, color, and brightness. The outline discusses image sensors, film, lens features, and trade-offs, while also diving into the history of TV technology, including raster scanning, synchronization, resolution, and gamma correction. Gain insights into how past decisions impact current digital imaging technologies.

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Understanding Complex Numbers and Image Formation in Digital Systems

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Presentation Transcript

  1. 30 August 2006 Sensing

  2. Refresher on Complex Numbers • http://www.clarku.edu/~djoyce/complex/ • http://www.dspguide.com/ch30.htm

  3. World is practically continuous intimespacecolorbrightness 1011 dynamic range brightness

  4. Digital World • Quantized in: • time • space • color • brightness how many frames/second? how many pixels? how many primaries? how many bits/pixel?

  5. Outline • Image formation • Pinhole camera • Point source (x-ray) • Lens • Sensors • Film • Image orthicon • CCD

  6. Pinhole Camera Features? Tradeoffs?

  7. Lens Features? Tradeoffs?

  8. How TV Worked(in the old days) • What is a cathode? What is a cathode ray? What is a cathode ray tube? • What is a phosphor? What are "phosphorescence"and "fluorescence"? • How does a "cathode ray tube" CRT work? • How was the TV image acquired? • What is a "raster" scan? • What are horizontal and vertical "sync"? • What is "interlace"? Why do that? • What determines the "resolution"? • What is "gamma" and why should it be corrected? • How did they get color? • How do decisions made in the 40's affect CG, CV, and IP today?

  9. Cathode Ray Tube

  10. Vidicon (tv camera)

  11. X-Ray

  12. X-Ray

  13. Charge Coupled Device From: http://www.science.ca/scientists/scientistprofile.php?pID=129

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