1 / 28

PRoPHET+: An Adaptive PRoPHET-Based Routing Protocol for Opportunistic Network

PRoPHET+: An Adaptive PRoPHET-Based Routing Protocol for Opportunistic Network. Ting-Kai Huang, Chia-Keng Lee and Ling-Jyh Chen. What is Opportunistic Network. Delay-Tolerant Network Ad-hoc like structure without fully connected path Situations: Mobile Sensors Military Operations

arlene
Download Presentation

PRoPHET+: An Adaptive PRoPHET-Based Routing Protocol for Opportunistic Network

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. PRoPHET+: An Adaptive PRoPHET-Based Routing Protocol for Opportunistic Network Ting-Kai Huang, Chia-Keng Lee and Ling-Jyh Chen

  2. What is Opportunistic Network • Delay-Tolerant Network • Ad-hoc like structure without fully connected path • Situations: • Mobile Sensors • Military Operations • Rural Areas

  3. Routing Protocols in Intermittently Connected Network • Epidemic Routing • Deliver data to all encountered nodes • Limit resources by hop counts • Disconnected Transitive Communication • Utility function to determine connected node that is closest to destination. • Interrogation-Based Relay Routing • Topology based.

  4. Prophet • Probabilistic Routing Protocol using History of Encounters and Transitivity for Intermittently Connected Network • Improve delivery rate of messages by keeping buffer usage and communication overhead at a low level. • Assumes that nodes move in a predictable behavior. • Transfers data when Delivery Predictability Value is higher at other node.

  5. Shortcomings of Prophet • Data may be lost when • Data node fails (out of power w/ no recharging opportunity)‏ • Buffer size full (Prophet uses FIFO)‏ • Short duration contact • Data to destination may be delayed due to • Transmitting to nodes that does not visit the location of the destination node often

  6. Motivation • Why improve Prophet • Most popular routing protocol in Opportunistic Network. • What to improve in Prophet • Reduce Data loss • Reduce Single Point of Failures • Reduce Transmission Delays

  7. Prophet+ • Deliverability value based on Prophet's predictability value in addition to: • Remaining Buffer/Storage • Remaining power • Bandwidth • Popularity • When a node wants to send data • Determine data size. • Query all connected nodes for log files. • Calculates deliverability value using log files.

  8. Buffer/Storage Motivation • Main Motivation • Reduce chance of data loss from FIFO • Too much incoming data • Self generated data • Side Benefit • May reduce chance of single point of failure • Data sent to other nodes as data begins to fill.

  9. Buffer/Storage • All nodes define a threshold Bthresh • Sender Node receives: • Bremain:buffer/storage size remaining till Bthresh • Perform: • The lesser the storage space remaining, the lesser the score.

  10. Determining Threshold • Nodes log an arbitrary amount of time of storage usage average. • Set the threshold so that self generated data does not cause storage/buffer to become full.

  11. Power Motivation • Main Motivation • Nodes w/ no recharge • Increase uptime of specific nodes. • Increase success of delivery. • Side Benefit • Reduce Single Point of failure

  12. Remaining Power/Power Consumption – No Recharge • Sender receives • A ratio value: • Potential receiver does • The computation of

  13. Bandwidth Motivation • Reduce chance of corrupt packet during transmission due to contact time. • Reduce chance of power wasting

  14. Bandwidth • Sender • Compute score • Values > 1 are set to 1.

  15. Popularity Motivation • Load balancing • Decrease burden on specific nodes. • Longevity of nodes • Heavily related to Buffer/Power issue but • Buffer and Power ensure minimal data loss. • Popularity is an independent property when Buffer/Power are not issues. • Longer time to transmit due to more data in queue. • Single point of failure.

  16. Popularity • Potential Receiver • Logs number of times it has received and transmitted data in a certain amount of time • Sender • Receives popularity log • The greater the P, the lesser the score.

  17. Simulation • Test each property individually • Compare (property+prophet) to prophet • Evaluate results to determine weights for each property • Run a comparison between Prophet and the (combined weight of each property + prophet)‏

  18. Simulation • Extension of DTNSIM • Java Based • Discrete event simulator for DTN environment • Performance metrics • Successful data delivery ratio • Delay performance • Scenarios • Real world wireless traces • Haggle(Infocom’ 05)‏‏

  19. Simulation

  20. Parameter Settings • Number of sender-receiver pairs: • 20 pairs • Number of Packets/Pair: • First 40% of simulation time with a Poisson rate of 900 sec/packet generated. • iMote ~150 packets • Packet size: 10MB • Deliverability= 0.5 property + 0.5 Prophet

  21. Results: Prophet +Power

  22. Results: Prophet +Buffer

  23. Results: Prophet + Bandwidth

  24. Results: Prophet + Popularity

  25. Prophet v.s. Scores (initial weight)

  26. Results: Prophet + Popularity

  27. Conclusion • PRoPHET+: • Design a score function, which consider buffer, power, bandwidth, popularity and predictability. • Has lower delay and higher successful delivery rate.

  28. Thank You!

More Related