Shear vector

1. Over Storm Mission during the Transformation Stage of Extratropical Transition Duration: 21.2 hModified butterfly pattern flown and arched race-track pattern flown at least twice Storm track, speed 15-17 kt Shear vector Hurricane Katia 1733 UTC 8 SEP 2011 85 GHz color image with 85 GHz PCT overlaid Imagery courtesy of NRL-Monterey (http://www.nrlmry.navy.mil/TC.html) 2 1 7 6 5 8 3 1 2 4 4 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 • In Red: • Modified butterfly pattern oriented along shear vector • Flown twice as storm translates northward (typically at 15-20 kt) • 4-deg. Leg lengths that may be modified • In Green • Arched race-track pattern over left-of-shear region • Examines asymmetries, tilt, precession, bands of precipitation, • Examines initial impact of the midlatitude trough (relative angular momentum import, interaction between the decaying PV tower of the TC and the approaching upper-level midlatitude positive PV center.

2. Over Storm Mission during the Transformation Stage of Extratropical Transition Duration: 21.2 hModified butterfly pattern flown and arched race-track pattern flown at least twice Storm track, speed 15-17 kt Shear vector Hurricane Katia 1733 UTC 8 SEP 2011 GOES 13 Visible image with 85 GHz PCT overlaid. Imagery courtesy of NRL-Monterey (http://www.nrlmry.navy.mil/TC.html) 2 1 3 4 4 1 7 6 8 2 5 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 • In Red: • Modified butterfly pattern oriented along shear vector • Flown twice as storm translates northward (typically at 15-20 k • 4-deg. Leg lengths that may be modified • In Green • Arched race-track pattern over left-of-shear region • Examines asymmetries, tilt, precession, bands of precipitation, • Examines initial impact of the midlatitude trough (relative angular momentum import, interaction between the decaying PV tower of the TC and the approaching upper-level midlatitude positive PV center.

3. Over Storm Mission during the Transformation Stage of Extratropical Transition Combined Modified butterfly pattern and arched race-track flown twice over an approximately 18-h periods 1101 UTC 9 Sep 2011 1733 UTC 8 Sep 2011 CIMSS Deep shear product 0900 UTC 9 Sep 2011 • Modified butterfly pattern oriented along shear vector • Flown following the TC • Typical translation speed ~15-20 kt • Approximately 20 h • 4-deg. Leg lengths that may be modified • Arched race-track pattern over left-of-shear region • Examines asymmetries, tilt, precession, bands of precipitation, • Examines initial impact of the midlatitude trough (relative angular momentum import, interaction between the decaying PV tower of the TC and the approaching upper-level midlatitude positive PV center.

4. Environmental Mission during the the Extratropical Stage of Extratropical Transition • Figure 4 • Examine remnant TC core structure • Examine interaction with midlatitude trough to the northwest • Transition into a angled lawnmower pattern 2210 09 September 2011 GOES 13 IR image 85 GHz PCT overlaid • Lawnmower pattern to examine interface between the decaying TC and midlatitude jet • Begin at eastern edge of figure 4 • Angle chosen to be perpendicular to outflow • orientation related to contribution of TC-outflow to transverse ageostrophic circulation and intensification of the upper-level jet • orientation related to the “typical” Q-vector-derived forcing of Q-G frontogenesis related to TC outflow • After reaching point “X” fly the pattern in reverse (red segments) for time continuity.