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The United States and the world

The United States and the world. Foreign Policy : The plan a country follows for interacting with other countries. Foreign Policy Goals : maintaining national security, supporting democracy, promoting world peace, and providing aid to people in need.

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The United States and the world

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  1. The United States and the world

  2. Foreign Policy: The plan a country follows for interacting with other countries.Foreign Policy Goals: maintaining national security, supporting democracy, promoting world peace, and providing aid to people in need.

  3. Both the president and Congress play roles in conducting foreign policy.

  4. President’s PowersArticle II Section 2 of Constitution gives president foreign policy powers.

  5. President’s PowersMilitary Powers: The president can order the military into action, but only congress can declare war.Treaty Making Powers: With advice and consent of senate, president can make 3 types of treaties: Peace treaties, alliance treaties, and commercial treaties.

  6. Peace treaties: agreements to end wars.Alliance treaties: when two or more countries agree to help each other for defense, economic, scientific, or other reasons.Commercial treaties: economic agreements between two or more countries to trade with each other. (Senate must approve by a 2/3 vote)

  7. More Presidential PowersThe president can also make executive agreements, which are mutual understandings between him and the leader of a foreign government.They also have the power of diplomatic recognition which is the power to recognize or establish official relations with another country by exchanging ambassadors.

  8. Congress has powers too!Like: 1. The power to declare war.2. The senate must approve all treaties3. Congress must approve all funding for national defense (so policies cannot be carried out if congress does not vote for the money to be spent)

  9. CONFLICTS

  10. The foreign Policy of the U.S. used to be one of isolationism, meaning that it tried to avoid involvement in all foreign affairs.

  11. Monroe Doctrine1823-President James Monroe declared that the U.S. would consider any European meddling in the affairs of any country in the Western Hemisphere as unfriendly.

  12. WORLD WAR IIn 1915 German submarines sunk a U.S. Merchant ship named Lusitania.In 1917, Congress declared war on Germany.

  13. WORLD WAR IIOn December 7, 1941 Japanese planes attacked Americans at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The next day, the U.S. entered WWII.

  14. AFTER WORLD WAR II, THE U.S. JOINED THE UNITED NATIONS ( We will talk more about that organization later)

  15. THE COLD WAR

  16. After WWII, Russia and the U.S. remained as the world’s strongest nations. Russia became the USSR when communists staged a revolution and their growing influence was seen as a threat to world peace. This begins the Cold War.

  17. In 1947, President Truman announced the Truman Doctrine which was called the “policy of containment” = sending economic aid to countries fighting communism.

  18. Communism also found a home in Cuba, where there was a revolution in from 1949-1959.

  19. Cuban Missile CrisisThe Soviet Union set up missile bases in Cuba. President John F. Kennedy showed tremendous military strength, and the soviet union backed down and removed its missiles from Cuba.

  20. In 1950, Communist North Korea invaded noncommunist South Korea. The U.S. government called on the United Nations to stop the invasion. The U.S. and 15 other members of the U.N. helped defend South Korea. In 1953, They hit a stalemate and they remain separated today.

  21. Vietnam WarAnother country the U.S. feared may become communist. It began by sending economic and military aid, and turned into a war with over 540,000 troops by 1969.

  22. Modern American Foreign Policy

  23. In the wake of the September 11th, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center the U.S. went to war in Afghanistan in hopes of fighting Al-Qaeda and finding Osama Bin Laden.

  24. A couple years later, in 2003 the U.S. went to war in Iraq to oust Saddam Hussein for supposedly having weapons of mass destruction.

  25. ORGANIZATIONS

  26. NAT0The North American Treaty Organization. Most western countries are part of it. Meant to keep global peace.

  27. EUROPEAN UNION (EU)Alliance of 25 and growing European countries who share the same currency, the euro.Goals: Free movement of goods, labor, and capital(money)

  28. NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)Agreement between Canada, the Unites States, and Mexico.Goals: To open up trade between the countries and encourage economic growth.

  29. WTO (World Trade Organization)Set up in 1995 to supervise international trade.

  30. IMF (International Monetary Fund)an agency of the United Nations. Set up to lend money to countries in need.

  31. UNITED NATIONSThe U.N. is an organization that promotes peaceful coexistence and worldwide cooperation.Provides a place where the world’s countries can express their views about problems that threaten peace.The U.N. has no armed forces of its own but it does have a world court called the International Court of Justice.

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