1. Buckling of Column

2. Buckling of Column

3. Buckling of Column

4. Eccentrically – Loaded Columns

5. Eccentrically – Loaded Columns

6. Eccentrically – Loaded Columns

7. Eccentrically – Loaded Columns

8. Eccentrically – Loaded Columns

9. Stresses in Column

11. Inelastic Buckling

12. Inelastic Buckling

13. Inelastic Buckling

14. Inelastic Buckling Case 1 due to presence of residual stress (in steel) Average stress =  elastic across the whole section +  smeared over the whole cross section.

15. Inelastic Buckling