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Short Story Terms

Short Story Terms. English 9. Antagonist/Protagonist Characterization Types of Characterization Direct/Indirect Types of Character: round/flat; dynamic/static Conflict Figurative Language: Allegory/allusion / extended metaphor Setting/Character. Theme Foreshadowing/Suspense

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Short Story Terms

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  1. Short Story Terms English 9

  2. Antagonist/Protagonist • Characterization • Types of Characterization Direct/Indirect • Types of Character: round/flat; dynamic/static • Conflict • Figurative Language: • Allegory/allusion/ extended metaphor • Setting/Character • Theme • Foreshadowing/Suspense • Narrator/Point of View • Point of view: 1st person; 3rd person limited; 3rd person omniscient • Imagery • Irony/Symbolism • Mood/Tone • Plot: exposition; inciting incident; rising action; climax; falling action; resolution

  3. Antagonist:A major character who opposes the protagonist in a story or play. Protagonist:The main character of a novel, play, or story.

  4. Characterization:The means by which an author establishes character. An author may directly describe the appearance and personality of character or show it through action or dialogue.

  5. Types of Characterization: • Direct: the author directly states a character’s traits. “Uncle Marco’s manners were that of a cannibal.” • Indirect: the author tells what a character looks likes, does, and says, as well as how others react to him or her. The reader must draw conclusions based on the information. • Round: shows many different traits – faults and virtues • Flat: shows only one trait • Dynamic: develops and grows during the course of the story • Static: does not change

  6. Conflict:The elements that create a plot. Traditionally, every plot is build from the most basic elements of a conflict and an eventual resolution. The conflict can be internal (within one character) or external (among or between characters, society, and/or nature).

  7. Figurative Language:Language that does not mean exactly what it says. For example, you can call someone who is very angry “steaming.” Unless steam was actually coming out of your ears, you were using figurative language.

  8. Allegory:A story in which the characters represent abstract qualities or ideas. For example, in westerns, the sheriff represents the good, and the outlaw represents evil.

  9. Allusion:A reference to something or someone often literary. For instance, if you were trying to instill confidence in a friend and said, “Use the force,” that would be an allusion to Stars Wars. The verb form of allusion is to allude.

  10. Extended Metaphor:a metaphor that continues into the sentences that follow. It is often developed at great length, occurring frequently.

  11. Setting The time and place of the action Character: Person or animal who participates in the action

  12. Theme: The central idea or insight into life revealed through a literary work .

  13. Suspense The reader’s feeling of curiosity, uncertainty, or even anxiety about the outcomes of events in a story.Foreshadowing:A technique in which an author gives clues about something that will happen later in the story.

  14. Narrator and Point of View: the narrator is the speaker or character who tells a story. The writer’s choice of narrator determines the story’s point of view, which directs the type and amount of information the writer reveals.

  15. Point of View: • First Person Point of View: The point of view of writing which the narrator refers to himself as “I.” • Third Person Limited Point of View: sees the world through one character’s eyes and only reveals that character’s thoughts and feelings. • Third Person Omniscient Point of View: “all knowing”; can tell what all characters think and feel.

  16. Imagery:The use of description that helps the reader imagine how something looks, sounds, feels, smells, or taste. Most of the time, it refers to appearance. For example, “The young bird’s white, feathered wings flutter as he made his way across the nighttime sky.”

  17. Irony:Language that conveys a certain ideas by saying just he opposite. Symbolism:The use of one things to represent another. For example, a dove is a symbol of peace.

  18. Tone:The author’s attitude toward his or her subject. For example, a tone could be pessimistic, optimistic, or angry. Mood:The emotional atmosphere of a given piece of writing.

  19. Plot: The action in the story. *Exposition: introduces characters, setting, basic situation*Inciting Incident: introduces central conflict*Rising Action: all events leading to climax*Climax: high point of interest or suspense*Falling Action: events following climax*Resolution (denouement): general insight or change is conveyed

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