An Expanding Nation: Markets and the Transportation Revolution, 1815-1840

1. An Expanding Nation: Markets and the Transportation Revolution, 1815-1840 Workers at a cotton factory in Dover, New Hampshire. URL: http://www.dover.lib.nh.us/DoverHistory/HISTORYIMAGES/mill_workers.JPG.Workers at a cotton factory in Dover, New Hampshire. URL: http://www.dover.lib.nh.us/DoverHistory/HISTORYIMAGES/mill_workers.JPG.

2. Questions for the Day� What were the main features of the new economy that took shape in the early nineteenth century? How did the Market Revolution affect women and the family?

3. Williamsburg Cobbler

4. Transportation Routes

5. Market Revolution�the development of a modern market society, where merchants and manufacturers organized more efficient systems of production to turn out large quantities of goods

6. Causes of the Market Revolution Population growth

7. Total Immigration, 1820-1840

8. Causes of the Market Revolution Population growth Transportation revolution

9. Transportation Developments

10. Town on the Erie Canal

11. Causes of the Market Revolution Population growth Transportation revolution Industrial modernization

12. Textile Factory Workers

13. Causes of the Market Revolution Population growth Transportation revolution Industrial modernization Soil infertility

14. Massachusetts Land Division

15. Causes of the Market Revolution Population growth Transportation revolution Industrial modernization Soil infertility �Man-land� crisis

16. Man-Land Crisis, Pt. I

17. Man-Land Crisis, Pt. II

18. Impacts of the Market Revolution Changing labor relations Construction of roads and canals Urban growth Creation of a modern class structure

19. Social Hierarchy

20. Middle Class Family Life, 1836

21. Social Hierarchy

22. Impacts of the Market Revolution Changing labor relations Construction of roads and canals Urban growth Creation of a modern class structure Movement of women into workforce

23. Lowell, Massachusetts

24. Daily Schedule for Lowell Mill Girls

25. Mill Girl, 1850 �This fine daguerreotype shows a neatly dressed textile worker about twelve years old. The harsh working conditions have taken a toll on her spirit and body: the young girl�s eyes and mouth show little joy or life and her hands are rough and swollen. She probably worked either as a knotter, tying broken threads on spinning jennies, or a warper, straightening out the strands of cotton or wool as they entered the loom� (Henretta, 296).�This fine daguerreotype shows a neatly dressed textile worker about twelve years old. The harsh working conditions have taken a toll on her spirit and body: the young girl�s eyes and mouth show little joy or life and her hands are rough and swollen. She probably worked either as a knotter, tying broken threads on spinning jennies, or a warper, straightening out the strands of cotton or wool as they entered the loom� (Henretta, 296).

26. Significance of Mill Girls 1) Female labor helped keep production costs down, which made goods cheaper, which was tied to middle-class growth

27. Significance of Mill Towns 1) Female labor helped keep production costs down, which made goods cheaper, which was tied to middle-class growth 2) It reshaped society and brought more women into the workplace

28. Boott Cotton Mills Museum Boott Cotton Mills Museum. URL: http://www.nps.gov/archive/lowe/2002/loweweb/visiting/lowe_photos/photo_19.htmBoott Cotton Mills Museum. URL: http://www.nps.gov/archive/lowe/2002/loweweb/visiting/lowe_photos/photo_19.htm

29. Summary Before this revolution: Slow transportation Production outside the home; workshop economy Most Americans lived in rural areas Most women confined to the �domestic sphere�

30. Summary Before this revolution: Slow transportation Production outside the home; workshop economy Most Americans lived in rural areas Most women confined to the �domestic sphere� After this revolution: Better transportation Rise of factory system Urban growth Some women worked outside the home in factories