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The Northern Humanist Challenge to Church Authority in the Reformation

This section of the Reformation explores the emergence of Northern Humanism, which critiques the Church's focus on income rather than saving souls. It highlights the role of figures like Martin Luther, who responded to the sale of indulgences with his 95 Theses, challenging the Catholic Church's authority. The spread of Luther's ideas, made possible by the printing press, questioned established doctrines, advocating for justification by faith alone. Luther's actions ultimately led to excommunication and the rise of Lutheranism, forever changing the religious landscape of Europe.

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The Northern Humanist Challenge to Church Authority in the Reformation

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  1. The Reformation Ch 6 Sec 3

  2. Northern Humanist believed the Church was more interested in its income than saving souls. • Popes were political leaders, not moral leaders. • Misconduct of priests • Humanist sought new emphasis on personal faith and spirituality. Causes

  3. First break took place in Germany. • Germany was not a unified. • Made up of about 300 independent states. • Weak rulers could not control independent ideas of religion. • Or prevent abuses by the pope. The Beginnings

  4. Indulgences • Pope LeoX was continuing to rebuild St. Peters Basilica. • The Vatican sent John Tetzel to Germany to raise funds. • Tetzel asked people to buy indulgences • Pardons from punishments of sins • This misuse of indulgences outraged the Northern humanist

  5. Martin Luther • Luther was a monk in Germany • The sale of indulgences angered him. • Luther developed beliefs later known as Lutheranism. • No amount of good deed and ceremonies made a difference in saving a sinner. • Only thing that counted was inner faith. • Justification by faith alone.

  6. Luther protested the buying of indulgences • He posted his 95 Theses on Indulgences on a church door. • People all-over Europe heard of a monk challenging the Pope. • He did not intend to break with the church. • The Catholic church denounced him. Luther Protest

  7. Break with the Church • Luther disagreed with many church doctrines. • Bible was sole religious authority. • Priest could not tell a person what to believe. • Luther used the printing press to spread his ideas.

  8. Luther was declared a Heretic and was excommunicated. • Luther was commanded to abandon his ideas. • He refused • Luther went into hiding. • While in hiding, he translated the Bible into German. • All common people could read bible. Break with Church

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