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Chemical Reactions and Basic Concepts in Biology

This chapter review covers the process of sodium hydroxide dissolving in water, the concept of metabolism, the role of molecules in inherited characteristics, isotopes, molecules and compounds, pH, chemical reactions, proteins, solutions, homeostasis, and the structure of atoms.

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Chemical Reactions and Basic Concepts in Biology

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  1. Chapter 2 Review

  2. What happens when sodium hydroxide dissolves in water? • It releases hydrogen ions • It releases hydroxide ions (c) It turns into a salt (d) It becomes more concentrated

  3. B It releases hydroxide ions

  4. What is metabolism? (a) all chemical changes that take place in an organism (b) the way organisms store energy (c) the way organisms release energy (d) a control system

  5. (a) all chemical changes that take place in an organism

  6. Molecules that control inherited characteristics are called • nucleic acids • steriods • nitrogen molecules • lipids

  7. A nucleic acids

  8. The smallest particle of an element that has the element’s properties is a(n) • compound • molecule • atom • nucleus

  9. C atom

  10. Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and ? • a different number of electrons • a different number of molecules (c) a different number of neutrons (d) the same number of neutrons

  11. (c) a different number of neutrons

  12. What are molecules • units formed by ionic bonds • units formed by covalent bonds • compounds • pairs of negative ions

  13. B units formed by covalent bonds

  14. A substance with a pH of 11 is a(n) • acid • base • ion • salt

  15. B Base

  16. An atom that has an unstable nucleus is • Radioactive • not radioactive (c) a molecule (d) an ion

  17. A Radioactive

  18. Proteins that speed up the chemical reactions in a cell are called • Enzymes • Sites (c) Casein (d) a complex substance

  19. A Enzymes

  20. Fats, oils, and waxes are all • Foods • Carbohydrates (c) human energy sources (d) lipids

  21. (d) lipids

  22. Which of the following describes what happens during a chemical reaction? • balance sheet • reactant (c) chemical equation (d) formula

  23. (c) chemical equation

  24. During a chemical reaction, substances become new substance by the (a) appearance of new isotopes (b) breaking apart of atoms (c) elimination of isotopes (d) breaking or forming of chemical bonds

  25. (d) breaking or forming of chemical bonds

  26. Which of the following is not a basic function of proteins in living things? • energy storage • defense against disease • movement • nutrition

  27. A energy storage

  28. Which of the following is the dissolving substance in a solution? • solute • mixture • solvent • dissolvant

  29. C solvent

  30. Organisms use feedback loops to maintain • pheromones • homeostasis • metamorphosis • growth

  31. B homeostasis

  32. What are the building blocks of protein? • nucleic acids • enzymes • amino acids • bases

  33. C amino acids

  34. Which of the following chemicals do insects use to communicate? • honey • pollen • antibodies • pheromones

  35. D pheromones

  36. What are three particles that make up an atom? • Protons, Neutrons and isotopes • neutrons, isotopes and electrons (c) positives, negatives, and electrons (d) protons, neutrons and electrons

  37. (d) protons, neutrons and electrons

  38. The tendency to maintain a stable internal conditions

  39. Homeostasis

  40. Sum of all chemical reactions in a body

  41. Metabolism

  42. Two or more elements chemically bonded

  43. Compound

  44. A compound that releases Hydrogen ions in water

  45. Acid

  46. Types of Uranium with a different number of neutrons

  47. Isotope

  48. Uniform mixture

  49. Solution

  50. How do enzymes help maintain homeostasis

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