Unit 1 Native Peoples of North America

1. Unit 1 Native Peoples of North America How do people adapt to where they live? Native Peoples of North America

2. Lessons Lesson 1 Settling the Americas Lesson 2 Native Americans of the West Lesson 3 People of the Southwest Lesson 4 Native Americans of the Plains Lesson 5 People of the Eastern Woodlands

3. Settling the Americas How did early people adapt to life in North America? Lesson 1 Vocabulary archaeologist glacier civilization irrigation adobe Reading Skill Compare and Contrast

4. Settling the Americas How did the first Native Americans arrive in North America? Water routes Land routes Why did hunter-gatherers settle in the Americas? They were following game that supplied their food and clothing.

5. Settling the Americas What are the three main reasons civilizations develop? Farming Surplus Specialization

6. Settling the Americas What are two of the earliest civilizations in Mexico? Olmec Maya What led to the decline of the Maya civilization? The people could not produce enough food for everyone. Write About It! Compare and contrast these two civilizations.

7. Settling the Americas What are three early North American civilizations and where did they settle? Hohokam (present-day Arizona) Ancestral Pueblo (the Southwest) Mound Builders (the Midwest) Why did some early people build mounds? The Hopewell used mounds for burials and religious ceremonies. Mississippians used mounds for burial and to watch the sun and stars. Draw It! Draw a picture of an Ancestral Pueblo home.

8. Settling the Americas What are two factors that affect the way that cultures developed? Climate Natural resources What three crops were important to the Hohokam and the Ancestral Pueblo? maize beans squash

9. Native Americans of the West How did the environments of the West affect the lives of Native Americans? Lesson 2 Vocabulary totem pole potlatch Reading Skill Compare and Contrast

10. Native Americans of the West Write About It! Using the Venn diagram, compare and contrast Tlingit and Inuit cultures. Tlingit Alike Inuit conserved natural resources got most food from sea made tools and shelter from natural resources wealthy traders known for crafts built plank houses hunters lived in Arctic built pit houses, igloos, tents

11. People of the Southwest How did the desert environment affect people’s lives? Lesson 3 Vocabulary migrate hogan Reading Skill Compare and Contrast

12. Native People of the Southwest Write About It! From your reading, complete the graphic organizer to compare and contrast the Pueblo and Navajo. Alike Pueblo Navajo used dry farming wove cotton cloth made silver and turquoise jewelry built single-family hogans raised sheep “walked in beauty” built adobe apartments grew maize

13. Native Americans of the Plains How did the natural resources of the Plains impact Native Americans? Lesson 4 Vocabulary teepee lodge travois coup stick Reading Skill Compare and Contrast

14. Native Americans of the Plains List two ways life changed for Native Americans on the Plains after the arrival of horses. Hunted on horseback Traded with faraway groups Draw It! Write a sentence to describe two types of homes in which Plains groups lived. Then draw each type of home.

15. People of the Eastern Woodlands How did the environment shape Eastern Woodlands cultures? Lesson 5 Vocabulary slash-and-burn longhouse wampum Creek Confederacy clan Iroquois Confederacy Reading Skill Compare and Contrast

16. People of the Eastern Woodlands Identify two major Native American groups that lived in the Eastern Woodlands. Creek Iroquois What kind of farming did they use and why? They used slash-and-burn farming because the forests were so thick.

17. People of the Eastern Woodlands Write About It! Compare and contrast the Creek and the Iroquois. Creek Alike Iroquois had huts for individual families used wattle-and-daub arranged around a council hut stamped designs on pottery grew corn celebrated Green Corn Festival played lacrosse had longhouses for several families built of wood protected village with fence made wampum

18. People of the Eastern Woodlands Government in the Woodlands • Creek • Formed a confederacy • Divided towns into two types • War towns (red)—declared war, planned battles, and held meetings with enemy groups • Peace towns (white)—passed laws and held prisoners

19. People of the Eastern Woodlands Government in the Woodlands • Iroquois • Women led the clans and appointed male leaders. • Formed the Iroquois Confederacy • Became known as the League of Six Nations after the six Iroquois groups that formed it • Purpose of the confederacy was to promote peace among Iroquois groups.

20. Review In which areas of North America did native people settle and develop their cultures? West Southwest Plains Eastern Woodlands What are three farming techniques that native people used? Irrigation Dry Farming Slash-and-burn How did people in the Pacific Northwest use the sea? They used the sea to hunt and trade.

21. Review Describe some of the homes of native people and who built them. Adobe – bricks made from mud and straw; protects from extreme heat and cold (Hohokam and Pueblos) Cliffs – built into the sides of cliffs (Ancestral Pueblos) Hogans – dome-shaped homes made from log or stick frames and covered with mud or sod (Navajo) Teepees – cone-shaped homes made with long poles and covered with animal hides (Plains) Wattle-and-daub huts – made from poles and covered with grass, mud, or thatch (Creek) Longhouses – built with wood on tops of steep-sided hills (Iroquois)

22. Review Which Native American group formed the League of Six Nations? The Iroquois formed the League of Six Nations. How did Native Americans on the Great Plains adapt to the environment? They hunted bison and built lodges from grass, sticks, and soil.

23. Maps Click on a map to enlarge the view.

24. Graphic Organizer Compare and Contrast Click on the graphic organizer to enlarge the view and enter content.