Activity:

1. Coffee What is it? By Paul Holtzman, Eric Yeung, Rebekah Aramburo, DerricMckinnie Lesson Overview and Reflection Product: Coffee Essential Question: How can the concentration of caffeine in coffee be measured? Coffee Bean Info Some of the chemicals you find in coffee include caffeine and amino acids, carbohydrates, minerals, potassium. A lot of these compounds are transformed during the roasting of beans. Some of these components of coffee are in fact completely destroyed during the roasting process. When you run hot water through ground coffee, the chemicals inside are being taken out by the hot water which then are moved into the hot water creating a solution. REFERENCES “The Chemistry That Brews in Your Cup of Coffee.” Everyday Chemistry. WATCONSULT. Web. 13 Mar. 2013 Haines, Gail. “Brain Booster to Go?” ChemMatters(December 2008); 6-9. Article. Hill, David “Study Suggests Coffee Is Healthy, Coffee Drinkers Are Not, Singularity Hub.” Singularity Hub. Singularity Hub, 23 May 2012. Web. 17 Apr. 2013. Petracco, Marino. “Our Everyday Cup of Coffee: The Chemistry behind Its Magic.” Jouranal of Chemical Education 82.8 (August 2005): 1167-167. Article. Seppa, Nathan. “Coffee Gives Jolt to Life Span| Body & Brain| Science News.” Coffee Gives Jolt to Life Span. ScienceNews, 30th June 2012. Web. 17 Apr. 2013 What is Caffeine? A cup of coffee can help you stay awake. Caffeine is a natural stimulant that you find in leaves, seeds and fruits of over sixty different plants around the world. It is the most widely used psychoactive substance which means the change in moods and distorted perceptions around the world. Studies have proven that caffeine affects your cardiovascular (blood and heart vessels) and nervous system. It also increases the metabolism in your body which leads to different effects on your body, brain and heart. Drinking caffeine blocks adenosine, a chemical secreted by the nervous system to give the body a calming effect. At the same time you get a shot of adrenaline giving you the ‘fight or flight’ feeling. The result is your heart rate rapidly increases, your muscles tighten and extra glucose is released in your body for energy; even your blood pressure increases. This is commonly known as the ‘caffeine buzz’. Caffeine even affects the cortex of your brain, keeping you alert and increasing the intensity of mental activity in your brain. But a lot of coffee can have its drawbacks. Heavy caffeine users can’t get deep and heavy sleep. Caffeine is addictive as it increases dopamine giving you a feeling of pleasure and happiness. Rebekah Aramburois a 16 year old sophomore at HTHI who recently awarded a chance to study abroad. DerricMckinnieis a 17 year old sophomore at HTHI that is interested in pursing music as a career. Paul Holtzmanis a 16 year old student at HTHI, that is on the school golf team. Eric Yeungis a 16 year old student currently enrolled in HTHI who is bilingual. Activity: Making Coffee Our demonstration is made for anyone who has an interest in coffee and would like to know the chemistry behind coffee. During the demonstration, the audience should not interact with the demonstration until told to. By using the coffee maker well be able to create the coffee and make the coffee. Using the paper filter we’ll be able to see how the extraction (taking apart) process works in the coffee maker. Materials Coffee maker Coffee beans Ground coffee beans Description of Demonstration Coffee pot/maker: Insert coffee beans in coffee maker Add water from the top into the coffee maker Wait for coffee to pour into the pot Pour the coffee into a cup Coffee filter: Attach the filter to a glass cylinder pot Add grounded coffee beans into the filter Pour hot water onto the filter Slowly watch as the extraction process is happening Explain to the audience what the process is and how it’s happening Big ideas Coffee is a solution of water and coffee beans. The temperature of coffee can change the solubility. Extraction is a method of the separation of the substance from the object. How the demonstration relates to the chemistry of coffee. By making the coffee within the paper filter were able to see how the solution is made between the water and coffee bean. The coffee bean chemicals are the solute and the water represents the solvent. Using the grounded coffee bean or the coffee bean’s chemicals with water, we’re able to see the extraction of the bean’s chemicals blending in with the water. Making the coffee with a paper filter will give you a inside look of what’s going on inside the coffee maker and the extraction process between hot water and ground coffee beans. Once the water runs through the ground coffee well be able to see what comes out under the filter. • Paper filters • Hot water • 2 Cups