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CE-Notes 13-14 Constitutional Compromises

CE-Notes 13-14 Constitutional Compromises. Constitutional Compromises. CE Notes 13-14. NC Standards. 1.05 Identify the major domestic problems of the nation under the Articles of Confederation and assess the extent to which they were resolved by the new Constitution .

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CE-Notes 13-14 Constitutional Compromises

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  1. CE-Notes 13-14 Constitutional Compromises

  2. Constitutional Compromises CE Notes 13-14

  3. NC Standards • 1.05 Identify the major domestic problems of the nation under the Articles of Confederation and assess the extent to which they were resolved by the new Constitution. • 1.06 Compare viewpoints about government in the Federalist and the Anti-Federalist Papers. • 1.07 Evaluate the extent to which the Bill of Rights extended the Constitution.

  4. Objectives • SWBAT analyze how the Constitution solved the problems with the Articles of Confederation. • SWBAT compare the views of the Federalists and Anti Federalists. • SWBAT explain the Bill of Rights and how it extended the Constitution

  5. RAP 13 So you are at the Constitutional Convention and our purpose is to fix all of the problems with the Articles and create a new government. First tell me what the major problems were with the Articles… Weaknesses/Problems:

  6. Should we make changes, or should we start over with a new government? • People might think we’re going too far, but there are too many problems with the Articles of Confederation to simply make changes. • Also we just had a major rebellion, Shays’ Rebellion, where farmers/former Rev. war soldiers threatened to take over the gov’t because they weren’t being paid. George Washington had to stop the rebellion. • We need to start over with a new government (and this time we will have a strong national gov’t with an Executive branch and a Judicial branch).

  7. Notes 14 The Constitution is the Solution! • US Constitution: Written at the Philadelphia Constitutional Convention in 1787. • 13 states ratified (accepted) the Constitution by 1790. • Solutions to problems of the Articles: • Stronger national government • 3 branches (Executive, Legislative, Judiciary) • Balances states rights and the rights of the federal gov’t. • New Powers: collect taxes, regulate domestic and foreign commerce, raise an army.

  8. You represent your state! • It took a long time to get EVERY state to agree on these solutions. Many compromises had to be made. • Remember we need all the states to agree if it will ever work and the nation will stay together • Finally, each state wants to get the best possible deal for itself.

  9. Notes 14 DEBATE #1: Deciding representation in Legislature/Congress: • Virginia Plan: # of representatives would depend on the state’s population (proportional representation). • The larger the state, the more people you have representing you in Congress. VS. • New Jersey Plan: Each state has the same (equal) # of representatives • It doesn’t matter whether you have a small or large population, every state has the same # of representatives in Congress.

  10. Constitutional Convention Vote #1 • Based on your state (and whether it is small or large) choose a plan for the legislature. Your options are: • The Virginia Plan • The New Jersey Plan • Explain: I chose the ____________ plan because…

  11. The Compromise • Connecticut Compromise AKA the Great Compromise: 2 branches of the legislature (bicameral).  US Congress with a House and a Senate 1. Senate: every state has 2 representatives 2. House of Representatives: proportional representation based on population

  12. Name that plan: • Small states would have liked this plan for the legislature the best:__________ • Large states would have liked this plan for the legislature the best:__________ • This plan supported proportional representation:_____________ • This plan thought every state should have the same number of representatives in Congress:__________ • The Senate has the type of representation that the _____________ plan wanted. • The House has the type of representation that the ____________ plan wanted.

  13. Debate #2 Slavery Issues • Should we end slavery or not? • North: YES, we should end slavery • South: NO, we should NOT end slavery • Should slaves count towards representation in the legislature? • More slaves in your state means more Reps in the legislature!

  14. Constitutional Convention Vote #2 Should we end slavery? • Vote YES or NO on slavery depending on what your state would have wanted. • Explain: I voted _______ to end slavery because…

  15. Constitutional Convention Vote #3 Should slaves be counted for representation in the legislature? • Vote YES they should be counted, or NO they should not be counted based on what would benefit your state. • Explain: I voted _______ slaves _________ (should or should not) be counted towards representation because…

  16. Resolving the Slavery Issue • The Slave Trade Compromise: The Framers do not end slavery, but they do end the Slave Trade by 1808. • The 3/5 Compromise: Slaves will count as 3/5 of a regular citizen. 5 slaves = 3 people for representation in Legislature.

  17. DEBATE # 3Should we have a strong national government or strong state government? • FEDERALISTS: wanted a strong national gov’t with power over the states (Federalism) • Alexander Hamilton, George Washington, Ben Franklin • Supported manufacturing and industry • Creditors (wealthy) • Loose interpretation of Constitutionread it to expand federal power • No Bill of Rights

  18. Should we have a strong national government or strong state government? • ANTI-FEDERALISTS: wanted a small nat’l gov’t where the states had large independent powers. • Thomas Jefferson • Supported Agriculture • Some were Debtors (poor farmers) • Strict interpretation of Constitutionread it literally to limit federal power • Supported the Bill of Rights

  19. EOC Analogies • The federalists were to strong central government as the anti-federalists were to____________. • Alexander Hamilton was to the federalists as ___________ was to the anti-federalists. • The anti-federalists supported agriculture as the federalists supported __________. • The federalists were to creditors as the anti-federalists were to _________. • The anti-federalists were to strict interpretation as the federalists were to____________.

  20. Do we need a special document to protect individual rights/liberties? • Federalists: NO! We don’t have to worry the Federal Gov’t will respect the people. • Anti-Federalists: YES! We need a Bill of Rights to protect our individual freedoms. The Federal gov’t might take away our rights like our freedom of speech and religion. • We will NOT ratify the Constitution unless it has a Bill of Rights!!!

  21. We need to get the Constitution ratified so what should we do? • If we DON’T ratify then our country will NOT have a government. • Remember the Anti-Federalists will not accept unless there is a Bill of Rights, and without them we will not have enough votes to set up a new government!

  22. Constitutional Vote #4 • Ratification • Option 1: Try to ratify the Constitution WITHOUT the Bill of Rights • Option 2: Try to ratify the Constitution WITH the Bill of Rights • Explain: I voted for option ___ because…

  23. The final compromise: • The Bill of Rights (Amendments 1-10) was the compromise between the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists. • Without the addition of the Bill of Rights there would have been no new Constitution for America. • The Bill of Rights protects individuals and the states from the power of the federal gov’t.

  24. Name that compromise: • This compromise made the legislature have 2 branches. • This compromise counted slaves as 3/5 of a normal citizen • This compromise protected state’s rights • This compromise protected individual rights and freedoms • This compromise ended the slave trade in 1808. • This compromise gave the states equal power in electing the President.

  25. PIT 13

  26. PIT 13Complete the Chart

  27. Think-Pair-Share • Think: Read the Article • Pair: Discuss with someone sitting next to you the followingwrite their answers • Would you consider yourself a Federalist or an Anti-Federalist? • Do you think the national government should have the power to do whatever necessary to protect this county? • Do you think the national government should be able to obtain your personal records (bank accounts, library, email) without your permission? • 3. SHARE with the class.

  28. Index Card 1 • Which of the following is an argument an Federalist would make in favor of the Patriot Act? • States can strike down federal laws • Government must do whatever is necessary to provide national security • National security must never take away from individual rights • The judicial branch should not have any power in deciding court cases

  29. Index Card 2 • What were supporters of the Bill of Rights called? • Parliament • monarchs • Federalists • Anti-Federalists

  30. Index Card 3 • Why did the Anti-Federalists want a Bill of Rights in their Constitution? • To list their rights • To protect their rights from the power of the federal government • To prevent the ratification of the Constitution • To argue with the Federalists

  31. Index Card 4 • Which of the following resolved the fight over representation in Congress between small and large states? • The 3/5 compromise • The New Jersey Plan • The Virginia Plan • Connecticut Compromise

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