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Exploring Protists and Fungi: Diversity and Roles in Ecosystems

Chapter 3 delves into the fascinating world of protists and fungi, highlighting their eukaryotic nature and diverse forms, from single-celled to multi-celled organisms. Discover their roles as producers, consumers, and decomposers in ecosystems through photosynthesis and feeding on other organisms. Learn about their reproductive strategies, including asexual methods like binary fission and sexual processes like conjugation. This chapter also emphasizes the importance of symbiosis in nature, illustrating relationships such as those between clownfish and anemones, as well as lichens formed by fungi and algae.

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Exploring Protists and Fungi: Diversity and Roles in Ecosystems

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  1. Protists and FungiChapter 3 book A Per 2

  2. Target 1-1 • Eukaryotic • Single- celled or multi-celled • Not complex- no specialized tissues • Plant-like (make own food), animal-like (eat others) • Some are microscopic but others can be seen by the human eye

  3. Target 1-2 • Producer- make own food • Plant- like • Heterotroph- eats others • Animal- like • Decomposer- eats dead organisms • Animal- like • Parasite- lives in or on other organisms • Animal- like

  4. Target 1-3 • Asexual- 2 types • Binary fission- 1 parent makes 2 (identical) • Multiple fission- 1 parent makes 3 or more (identical) • Sexual- 1 type • Conjugation- 2 parents, swap genes, makes 4

  5. Target 2-1 • Protist Producers • Make food by photosynthesis • Have chloroplast • Heterotrophs that can move • Catch and eat others • Can move • Heterotrophs that can’t move • Eat others • Can’t move (can move a little bit)

  6. Target 2-2 • Protist Producer • Euglena • Algae (sea weed) • Heterotrophs that can move • Amoeba • Paramecium • Heterotrophs that can’t move • Water mold • Slime mold

  7. Target 2-4 • Chloroplast- trap sunlight for photosynthesis • Cytoplasm- jell in the cell • Nucleus- control cell, holds DNA • Cell membrane- give cell shape, lets things in and out • Eye spot- detect light • Contractile vacuole- gets rid of extra water • Flagellum- tail that moves the cells

  8. Cell membrane Cytoplasm Nucleolus flagella Nucleus Chloroplast Eye Spot Contractile Vacuole

  9. Target 2-5 • Cell membrane- give shape, let things in and out • Nucleus- control the cell, holds DNA • Contractile vacuole- gets rid of extra water • Cytoplasm- jell in the cell • Pseudopod- extension of cytoplasm used to move and catch food/eat • Food vacuole- breaks down food

  10. Cell membrane nucleus Contractile vacuole Cytoplasm Pseudopod Food vacuole

  11. Target 2-3 • Cell membrane- give shape, let things in and out • Nucleus- control the cell, holds DNA • Contractile vacuole- gets rid of extra water • Cytoplasm- jell in the cell • Food vacuole- breaks down food • Oral groove- take in food, eat • Anal pore- gets rid of waste • Micronucleus- reproduction • Macronucleus- controls other function • Cilia- hairs used to move, help bring in food

  12. cytoplasm Food vacuole macro- nucleus Contractile vacuole Cell membrane micro- nucleus cilia Anal pore Oral groove

  13. Organelles for Function C of U • Cytoplasm- jell in the cell • Nucleus- controls cell, holds DNA • Contractile vacuole- get rid of extra water • Cell membrane- give shape, let things in/out • Food vacuole- breaks down food • Pseudopod- cytoplasm that moves the amoeba • Flagella- tail, moves the euglena

  14. Organelles for Function C of U • Eye spot- euglena detects light • Chloroplast- euglena does photosynthesis • Micronucleus- paramecium- reproduction • Macronucleus- paramecium- control the cell • Cilia- paramecium- hairs- move/ catch food • Oral groove- paramecium- take in food • Anal pore- paramecium- let out waste

  15. Target A Helpful Harmful Can cause disease Can be parasites • Make products • Makes oxygen • Decompose • Provide food for others

  16. Target B • Symbiosis • 2 species living together- neither hurt, both may be helped • Example: clownfish and anemone • Example: Lichen- fungi and algae

  17. Target 3-1 • Eukaryotic • Heterotroph • no chlorophyll • Single or multi-celled • Sexual or asexual reproduction

  18. Examples of Fungi Mushrooms Athlete’s foot Mold yeast Mildew

  19. Target 3-2 • Lichen • Fungi and Algae (protist) • Affect environment by: • Break down rocks • Make soil • Provide food for • reindeer, ducks, geese Doesn’t clean pollution • Show if there is a lot of air pollution Doesn’t make pollution

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