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Dive into the rich history of Renaissance music, exploring the sacred German Chorale influenced by Martin Luther and the lively Secular Madrigals. Discover the polyphonic beauty of St. Mark's Cathedral in Venice and the works of renowned composers Giovanni Gabrieli and Palestrina.
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Renaissance Music AH-HS-1.1.1 AH-HS-2.1.1 AH-HS-3.1.1
COUNTERPOINT • Twoormoremelodiclinesoccuringatthesametime • Eachvoice,orpart,isindependent
SacredMusic • GermanChorale • ResultofMartinLuther’sdesiretobringpeopleintomoredirectcontactwithGod • Hymnswerecreatedsotheentirecongregationwouldsing,notjustthechoir • Sunginthevernacular,language,ofthecommonpeople
SecularMusic • Madrigals • Onesingerperpart(counterpoint) • 3typesofmadrigals • Madirgalproper • TheBallett • TheAyre
MarigalProper • Newtuneforeachnewlineoftest • Wordsandmusiccloselymatched
TheBallett • Lighterinstylethanthemadirgalproper • Sometimesdancedaswellassung
TheAyre • “ayre”meanssong • Canbeperformedbysolovoiceaccompaniedbyaninstrument(s)orallpartssungwithoutinstrumentalaccompaniment • Printedon2pagesofabook • Themelodyisontheleftpage • Thelowerparts(harmony)isontherightpage
St.Mark’sCathedral • Venice,Italy • Twoorganlofts • Twochoirlofts • Allowedforpolychoralcompositions • Phrasefromleftsideofthechurchwasechoedoransweredbytherightside
Aerial view of St.Mark’s CathedralArtifice Inc.(2012).St. Marks. Retrieved September15,2012 from http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/St_Marks.html.
Giovanni Gabrieli • 1557-1612 • Born and lived in Venice,Italy • 1584 became principal organist of St. Mark’s • Most of his works are sacred choral and instrumental • Used the setup of St. Mark’s to write polychoral music • Cori spezzati (separate choirs) • Sonata Pian e Forte • 1st piece of music to have markings to distinguish between piano and forte (loud and soft)
Giovanni Pierluigi Da Palestrina • 1525-159 • Age 19, appointed organist of the cathedral in Palestrina Italy • 1550 Pope Julius III appointed him maestro of Capella Giulia • Wrote motets and masses
Palestrina • “Prince of Music” • “Saved music” by proving counterpoint and clarity of text could live together • Complete works number about 1,000
The Growth of Music • Printing press allowed more widespread distribution of music • First score was printed with bars and lines in 1557 • Music was now less expensive