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1CSNW1 – week 6

1CSNW1 – week 6. Hogere lagen van het OSI model. OSI Reference Model (herh.). All People Seem To Need Data Processing. Bron: DevCentral. TCP / IP. IP : I nternet P rotocol.

aidan-melendez
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1CSNW1 – week 6

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  1. 1CSNW1 – week 6 Hogere lagen van het OSI model

  2. OSI Reference Model (herh.) All People Seem To Need Data Processing Bron: DevCentral

  3. TCP / IP • IP : Internet Protocol. IP specifies the format of packets, also called datagram (soort brievenpost), and the addressing scheme (de ip-laag verzorgt de routering) • TCP : Transmission Control Protocol Whereas the IP protocol deals only with packets, TCP enables two hosts to establish a connection and exchange streams of data.TCP guarantees delivery of data and also guarantees that packets will be delivered in the same order in which they were sent.

  4. The five-layer TCP/IP model 5. Application layer DHCP · DNS · FTP · Gopher · HTTP · IMAP4 · IRC · NNTP · XMPP · POP3 · SIP · SMTP · SNMP · SSH · TELNET · RPC · RTCP · RTSP · TLS · SDP · SOAP · GTP · STUN · NTP · (more) 4. Transport layer TCP · UDP · DCCP · SCTP · RTP · RSVP · IGMP · (more) 3. Network/Internet layer IP (IPv4 · IPv6) · OSPF · IS-IS · BGP · IPsec · ARP · RARP · RIP · ICMP · ICMPv6 · (more) 2. Data link layer 802.11 (WLAN) · 802.16 · Wi-Fi · WiMAX · ATM · DTM · Token ring · Ethernet · FDDI · Frame Relay · GPRS · EVDO · HSPA · HDLC · PPP · PPTP · L2TP · ISDN · (more) 1. Physical layer Ethernet physical layer · Modems · PLC · SONET/SDH · G.709 · Optical fiber · Coaxial cable · Twisted pair · (more)

  5. Data encapsulation (herhaling)

  6. IP Header (IPv4)

  7. 32-bits IP-adres (IPv4) Waarden per octet liggen tussen 0 en 255

  8. IP-adres op het internet • An IP address consists of two parts, one identifying the network and one identifying the node, or host • The Class of the address determines which part belongs to the network address and which part belongs to the node address • Class A supports 16 million hosts on each of 126 networksClass B supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networksClass C supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks

  9. Five Classes of IP Addresses 145.89 192.168.0

  10. Niet routeerbare adressen Beginadres Eindadres 10.0.0.0 10.255.255.255 172.16.0.0 172.31.255.255 192.168.0.0 192.168.255.255 127.0.0.0 127.255.255.255 (loopback)

  11. TCP-header Het poortnummer is gekoppeld aan een bepaalde applicatie. Poort 80 wordt bijv. gebruikt voor http verkeer.

  12. Universal Datagram Protocol header

  13. Protocol stack voor TCP/IP FTP via poort 21, HTTP via 80, telnet via 23, NNTP via 119, SMTP via 25(zie /etc/services op een linuxmachine voor een lijst met standaard poortnummers)

  14. Eenvoudig netwerk met router Ethernet,MAC address ARP : Address Resolution Protocol, a network layer protocol used to convert an IP address into a physical address (Data Link Control address or MAC address). DHCP : Dynamic Host Configuration Protocolprotocol for assigning dynamic IP addresses to devices on a network.

  15. Ethereal

  16. IP version 6 (IPv6)Internet Protocol next generation

  17. IP version 6 (IPv6) • V: 4-bit Internet Protocol version number = 6. • Prio: 4-bit Priority value. • Flow Label: 24-bit field, Quality of Service. • Payload Length: 16-bit unsigned integer. Length of payload, i.e., the rest of the packet following the IPng header, in octets. • Next Hdr: 8-bit selector. Identifies the type of header immediately following the IPng header. • Hop Limit: 8-bit unsigned integer. Decremented by 1 by each node that forwards the packet. The packet is discarded if Hop Limit is decremented to zero. • Source Address: 128 bits. • Destination Address: 128 bits.

  18. Globaal IP-versie 6 adres Global 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 2001:db8:85a3::8a2e:370:7334

  19. Zones in IP-versie 6 Site-local fc00::/7 Link-local fe80::/10 Localhost ::1/128

  20. Remote Procedure Call (RPC)

  21. Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) Suite of technology services developed by The Open Group for creating distributed applications that run on different platforms. OSF (Open Software Foundation)

  22. LDAP • LDAPLightweight Directory Access Protocol, a set of protocols for accessing information directories. • OpenLDAP Open Source Version of LDAP • LDAP should make it possible for almost any application running on virtually any computer platform to obtain directory information, such as email addresses and public keys.

  23. Security by Encryption • Encryption techniques are based on public and/or private key’s. • Examples: • GPG (GNU Pretty Good Privacy for files and email) • SSH (Secure Shell protocol) • SSL (Secure Socket Layer - on application level) • TLS (Transport Layer Security - on application level) • IPsec (IP secure – on IP level)

  24. Virtual Private Network via IPsec

  25. Netwerk toepassingen • Fileserver-systems • Remote execution / log-on • Distributed systems • Resource sharing (printer, scanner) • Document sharing (www) • Mail • Voice (radio, telefonie) • Video • .....

  26. World Wide Web (WWW) • Begrippen • Uniform Resource Locator (URL) • Hypertext • HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) • HyperText Markup Language (HTML) • HTTP Deamon • (Web) browser • Java • Javascript (ECMA script) • eXtensible Markup Language (XML)

  27. HTML voorbeeld <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>Voorbeeldpagina</TITLE> </HEAD><BODY> <IMG SRC=“plaatje.gif”> <H1>WELKOM</H1> <P> Hier volgen twee interessante pagina's <P> <A HREF= “voorbeeld2.html”>Lokale URL<A> <P> <A HREF=“ttp://www.andere.plek.nl”> URL op andere plek </A> </BODY> </HTML>

  28. Stack met XML, SOAP en UDDI

  29. Bronnen • IPv4 (Wikipedia) • IPv6 (Wikipedia) • Classful Network (Wikipedia) • Internet Assigned Numbers Authority • Stichting Internet Domeinregistratie Nederland • TCP (Wikipedia) • The TCP/IP Guide • LDAP (Wikipedia) • World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

  30. Opdrachten • Bestudeer hfdst. 15.5 en 15.6 • Maak opgaven 15.7 t/m 15.10 • Maak proeftentamen

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