1 / 272

An Overview of Neuroscience Concepts and Brain Imaging Techniques

This chapter provides a comprehensive exploration of key concepts in neuroscience, focusing on the structure and function of neurons and nervous tissue. It covers essential brain imaging methods like CT, MRI, and PET, which utilize advanced technology to visualize brain activity. The chapter also explores neuronal components, such as dendrites and axons, along with the roles of agonists and antagonists in neurotransmitter action. Furthermore, it examines the functions of the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine glands, highlighting their contributions to bodily functions and behavioral motivations.

aida
Download Presentation

An Overview of Neuroscience Concepts and Brain Imaging Techniques

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 2 Powerpoint Questions

  2. Q1 • Neuroscience

  3. A1 • A branch of the life sciences that deals with the structure and function of neurons, nerves, and nervous tissue

  4. Q2 • Computed tomography (CT)

  5. A2 • Brain imaging method using computer controlled x-rays of the brain

  6. Q3 • Dendrites

  7. A3 • Branchlike structures that receive messages from other neurons

  8. Q4 • Soma

  9. A4 • The part of the neuron called the cell body that keeps the entire cell alive and functioning

  10. Q5 • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

  11. A5 • Brain-imaging method using radio waves and magnetic fields of the body to produce detailed images of the brain

  12. Q6 • Sympathetic divisions (fight or flight)

  13. A6 • Part of the ANS that is responsible for reacting to stressful evens and bodily arousal

  14. Q7 • Agonists

  15. A7 • Chemical substances that mimic or enhance the effects of a neurotransmitter on the receptor sites of the next cell, increasing or decreasing the activity of that cell

  16. Q8 • Input into the nervous system is accomplished by

  17. A8 • Sensory neurons/ afferent neurons

  18. Q9 • Nerves

  19. A9 • Bundles of axons coated in myelin that travel together through the body.

  20. Q10 • Action potential

  21. A10 • The release of the neural impulse consisting of a reversal of the electrical charge within the axon

  22. Q11 • Electroencephalogram (EEG)

  23. A11 • A recording of the electrical activity of large groups of cortical neurons just below the skull, most often using scalp electrodes.

  24. Q12 • The smallest of glial cells that engulf and break down dead and dying neurons

  25. A12 • microglia

  26. Q13 • SSRI

  27. A13 • Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor

  28. Q14 • Antagonists

  29. A14 • Chemical substances that block or reduce a cell’s response to the action of other chemicals or neurotransmitters

  30. Q15 • Function of the brain

  31. A15 • Interprets and stores information and sends orders to muscles, glands, organs

  32. Q16 • What muscles are impacted by acetylcholine

  33. A16 • Skeletal muscles are stimulated; cardiac muscle is slowed

  34. Q17 • Three parts to a neuron

  35. A17 • 1) Soma, 2) dendrites, 3) axons

  36. Q18 • Positron emission tomography

  37. A18 • Brain-imaging method in which a radioactive sugar is injected into the subject and a computer compiles a color-coded image of the activity of the brain

  38. Q19 • Parasympathetic division

  39. A19 • Part of the ANS that restores the body to normal functioning after arousal and is responsible for the day to day functioning of the organs and glands.

  40. Q20 • Hypothalamus

  41. A20 • Small structure in the brain located below the thalamus and directly above the pituitary gland, responsible for motivational behavior such as sleep, hunger, thirst, and sex

  42. Q21 • The peripheral nervous system is made up of what two further divisions

  43. A21 • Autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system

  44. Q22 • Enzymatic degradation

  45. A22 • Process by which structure of neurotransmitter is altered so it can no longer act on a receptor.

  46. Q23 • The defining feature of the central nervous system

  47. A23 • The components are encased in bone

  48. Q24 • Endocrine glands

  49. A24 • Glands that secrete chemicals called hormones directly into bloodstream

  50. Q25 • Three functions of the nervous system are

More Related