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The Enlightenment

The Scientific Revolution. A New Way of Thinking. Beginning in the 1500's, scholars began to challenge the ideas of ancient thinkers and the churchScientific Revolution- A new way of thinking about the natural world based on careful observation and the questioning of accepted beliefsRejection of beliefs of ancient Greece and Medieval scholarsFoundation of modern science.

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The Enlightenment

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    1. The Enlightenment

    2. The Scientific Revolution

    3. A New Way of Thinking Beginning in the 1500s, scholars began to challenge the ideas of ancient thinkers and the church Scientific Revolution- A new way of thinking about the natural world based on careful observation and the questioning of accepted beliefs Rejection of beliefs of ancient Greece and Medieval scholars Foundation of modern science

    4. Causes of the Scientific Revolution The Age of Exploration Discovery of new lands meant there might be other unknown discoveries to be made Research in astronomy and mathematics were fueled by the need for better navigational methods The invention of the printing press helped spread challenging ideas among European thinkers

    5. The Medieval (Geocentric) View of the Universe

    6. Copernican Heliocentric Universe

    7. Galileos Discoveries Galileo Galilei Italian scientist and astronomer Stated that the moon and an uneven, rough surface Galileos ideas challenged Aristotles view that the moon and the stars were made of perfect, pure substances

    8. Galileo on Trial

    9. The Scientific Method A logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas Steps: A problem or question arises from an observation Scientists form a hypothesis, or unproved assumption A hypothesis is then tested in an experiment on the basis of data Scientists analyze and interpret data to reach a conclusion that either confirms or disproves the hypothesis

    10. Important Thinkers of the Scientific Revolution

    11. Newtons Principia Mathematica

    12. Medicine and the Human Body

    13. Expansion of Scientific Academies

    14. The Enlightenment

    15. A New Way of Thinking The Enlightenment A new intellectual movement that stressed reason and thought and the power of individuals to solve problems Reached its height in France in the mid-1700s Philosophes Social critics who believed that people could apply reason to all aspects of life

    16. A New Way of Thinking Five concepts formed the core beliefs of Enlightenment thinkers: Reason Truth could be discovered through reason or logical thinking Nature What was natural was also good and reasonable Happiness Rejected the medieval notion that people should find joy in the hereafter and urged people to seek well-being on earth Progress- Society and humankind could improve Liberty Called for the liberties that the English people had won in their Glorious Revolution and Bill of Rights

    17. Centers of Enlightenment

    18. French Salons

    19. Diderots Encylopedie

    20. Pages from Diderots Encyclopedie

    21. Pages from Diderots Encyclopedie

    22. Subscriptions to Diderot's Encyclopedie

    23. Increases in Literacy

    24. Enlightened Despots

    25. Legacy of the Enlightenment Belief in progress. A more secular outlook. During the Enlightenment, people began to openly question religious beliefs and the teachings of the church. Importance of the Individual. The democratic revolutions of the late 18th century American, French, etc.

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