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Pamela Robinson Cardiff University, UK

The Centre for Global Labour Research. Fair Trade: Just Trade. Fair Trade: Just Trade. Pamela Robinson Cardiff University, UK. Wednesday 9th January 2008. Research Dilemma. The ‘ethical Supermarket? Is the ‘business’ of business just to make profit!

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Pamela Robinson Cardiff University, UK

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  1. The Centre for Global Labour Research Fair Trade: Just Trade Fair Trade: Just Trade Pamela Robinson Cardiff University, UK Wednesday 9th January 2008

  2. Research Dilemma • The ‘ethical Supermarket? Is the ‘business’ of business just to make profit! • Regulation in the global supply chain – Voluntary / Self-regulation? • Who is the guardian of labour standards – Supermarkets, Governments, Supra-nationals, Trade Unions, NGOS, Consumers?

  3. Labour Codes Labour Codes Labour Codes Labour Codes Labour Codes Labour Codes Labour Codes Labour Codes My PhD Research Objectives • To gain understanding of how support the regulation of labour conditions in the Global Supply Chain • To solicit the views of workers and farm supervisors on the implementation process of • To obtain the perspectives of NGOs, Trade Unions and other interested parties in the debate on • To develop a broader understanding of how align with Supermarkets’ policies on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR).

  4. Labour Codes of Conduct • EMPLOYMENT IS FREELY CHOSEN • FREEDOM OF ASSOCATION AND THE RIGHT TO COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ARE RESPECTED • WORKING CONDITIONS ARE SAFE AND HYGIENIC • CHILD LABOUR SHALL NOT BE USED • LIVING WAGES ARE PAID / COMENSURATE • WORKING HOURS ARE NOT EXCESSIVE • NO DISCRMINATION IS PRACTISED • REGULAR EMPLOYMENT IS PROVIDED • NO HARSH OR INHUMANE TREATMENT ALLOWED

  5. Research Landscape Costa Rica

  6. The UK Supermarket Groups • Supermarkets dominate the fresh food market in the UK • The annual retail market for bananas in 2006 was worth in excess of £570m • Approximately a 140 million bananas are consumed each week, 7 billion each year • Bananas are the biggest selling fruit item in the UK

  7. The Global Banana Trade • Three major banana TNC producers – Chiquita, Dole and Del Monte • Supply approx. 56% of the world’s bananas • Wholesalers – Fyffes, H. Pratts • Key suppliers to the UK market

  8. Work on Banana Plantations • Division of Labour Cultivation Cultivation Packing Packing Harvesting Harvesting Selection Selection Packhouse Packhouse Field Field

  9. Field work study, February - April 2006

  10. Field work study, February - April 2006

  11. Field work study, February - April 2006

  12. Field work study, February - April 2006

  13. Field work study, February - April 2006

  14. Field work study, February - April 2006

  15. Labour Regulation in the Banana Chain • The Ethical Trade Initiative (ETI) Base Code • Social Accounting International (SAI) 8000 Standard • International Framework Agreement – Chiquita, COLSIBA (Coordinadona Latinoamericana de Sindicatos Bananeros) and the IUF (International Union of Foodworkers)

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