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conservation of oil and natural gas for future generation by reducing our basic needs.
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Conservation of Marine Abiotic Resources Arunkarthik Ph.D. Research Scholar Department of Marine Science Bharathidasan University
GLOBAL AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY MORE THAN DOUBLED SINCE 1900 Life expectancy was 20 to 25 years for most of human history; however, from 1750 to 2018, global life expectancy more than doubled, from 26 years to 69 years.
History of Fossil Fuel Coal • Chinese - Heating and Cooking • Europe - Copper Melting • Britain - Heating the rooms Oil & Gas • Babylonians - Waterproofing the boat • Chinese - Lubricating their Chariot wheels • Egyptian - Mummification
OFFSHORE OIL AND NATURAL GAS PRODUCTION • The first offshore oil rig were constructed in the late 19th century. • The pioneers of offshore oil production was industrialist Henry L. Williams, who began extracting oil from the Summerland field off the Californian coast near Santa Barbara in the 1896, he finally ventured offshore, constructing a 100-meter pier from which he began drilling on the seafloor.
There are currently around 1900 large-scale oil and gas platforms around the world. • With drilling and extraction technology also becoming increasingly sophisticated, it is now possible to extract oil and gas at ever greater depths.
The water depth record for oil production is, located in the 2934 meters below the surface of the Gulf of Mexico. • The water depth record for subsea gas production is currently around 2700 m and is held by a platform located also in gulf of Mexico.
Human Health Impact humans & animals need fresh air for good health lung disease in animals and humans.
Impact on Marine Environment Oil pollution in Marine environment. • Oil rig explosion • Oil tanker accident • Oil spills
Oil rig explosions • Piper Alpha disaster, North Sea, UK.-1988 Disaster occurred due to gas leakage from one of the condensate pipes • Mumbai High North disaster, Indian Ocean - 2005 Caught fire after a collision withSamudra Suraksha. • Deepwater Horizon drilling rig explosion-2010 The largest accidental marine oil spill in the world.
Environmental impact of oil spill • Oil floats on top of water, less light penetrates into the water, limiting the photosynthesis of marine plants and phytoplankton. • It also impairs birds' flight abilities, making it difficult to forage and escape from predators. • Algae and other local plants have been eradicated. • Animals that come in touch with high concentrations of oil die of oil poisoning. • Worms, microorganisms and young sea creatures are more sensitive.
The harmful effects of oil spills on mangrove forests: 1. Pneumatophores are covered by oil, preventing the plants from "breathing" 2. Oil will directly smooth and soften some parts of the roots, causing them to suffocate 3. Reduction of light penetration and photosynthesis 4. Solar radiation absorbed by black oil sheens will increase the natural temperature of water
Conclusion Reduce our own needs
