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A Study of the Secure Digital Music Initiative

A Study of the Secure Digital Music Initiative Brandon Sutler Vineet Aggarwal Sachin Kamath University of Virginia CS 551 In The Red Corner… Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) RIAA – Who? $15 Billion Industry RIAA Companies – 90% all albums recorded and sold in US.

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A Study of the Secure Digital Music Initiative

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  1. A Study of the Secure Digital Music Initiative Brandon Sutler Vineet Aggarwal Sachin Kamath University of Virginia CS 551

  2. In The Red Corner… Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA)

  3. RIAA – Who? • $15 Billion Industry • RIAA Companies – 90% all albums recorded and sold in US. • “Big 5” – BMG, Sony, Warner, Capitol, Universal • 75% of Market Share

  4. In the Blue Corner… The Consumers (You)

  5. The Problem • Proliferation of Digital Media • Distribution • Storage • Copyright Infringement • Consumer experience

  6. SDMI, Actually SDMI, Ideally Where’s SDMI? RIAA The Consumers

  7. SDMI Introduction • Deliver secure digital music to consumers • Give good consumer experience • Protect artist’s right to make money • Protect label’s right to control industry

  8. Discussion Overview • The big picture • SDMI’s plan • Watermarking Technology • Social implications • Conclusion

  9. The Big PictureOr, What Did We Do? • SDMI Specification • Phase I • Watermarking • SDMI • Verance, 4Centity • Phase II • Legal Issues • Consumer Acceptance

  10. The SDMI Protocol • Step 1: Determine if music is SDMI Protected Content • Step 2: Decrypt • Step 3: Check trigger • Step 4: Play or Reject

  11. SDMI Phase I Screen • Detect “trigger” • Based on watermarking technology • “millenium trigger” • Detect “Usage Rules” • Govern Copy, Move, Check-in/Check-out, Export, etc. • Not yet written!

  12. SDMI Protected Content If trigger present reject content message to upgrade to Phase II displayed. No trigger: content admitted Unprotected Content If trigger present reject content message to upgrade to Phase II displayed. No trigger “no more copies:” rejected Otherwise, admitted Phase I Triggers

  13. Digital Watermarks • Awarded job for SDMI • Electronic DNA© • Interwoven tag • Digital Noise • 15 second interval • Stored Information • Copy permissions, Identifier tag, Additional Info

  14. Digital Watermark Spec. Content Owner Tag (8 bits) Additional Info (optional 60 bits) Copy Permissions (4 bits) - Copy once, never, unlimited…

  15. Phase II Content Phase II Mark present Mark not present Compressed Not compressed ADMIT Supposed to be ADMIT Not supposed to be ADMIT NOT YET WRITTEN REJECT

  16. Legal Issues • Possible antitrust violations • SDMI is a “specification, not an agreement” • Neutral industry standards that benefit consumers are not inherently illegal But what is the benefit to the artists?

  17. Legal Issues • Fair Use • Backwards compatibility • Example • Default limit: four copies • No interoperability

  18. Social Issues • RIAA inspections • Backwards compatibility • Non-compliance • Hacker tools would make circumventing copy protection routine • No interoperability • Consumer Cost:Benefit

  19. Conclusions • Although a decent attempt, SDMI will fail in the long run • Three points of failure: • Lack of consumer support • Legal challenge just around the corner • Failure to come up with “Phase II” • Too much, too fast

  20. Questions

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