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Animation and/or Computer Animation

Animation and/or Computer Animation. Dr. Stephania Loizidou Himona Associate Professor Frederick Institute of Technology. Computer Graphics deals with. Geometric Modeling Rendering Animation ***. What is Animation?. One-word definition : Vision

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Animation and/or Computer Animation

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  1. Animation and/or Computer Animation Dr. Stephania Loizidou Himona Associate Professor Frederick Institute of Technology

  2. Computer Graphics deals with • Geometric Modeling • Rendering • Animation ***

  3. What is Animation? • One-word definition : Vision • The illusion of motion created by the consecutive display of images of static elements : Persistence of Vision • The process of bringing life through the use of motion to lifeless things : e.g. Virtual Reality • The “copying” of the real world, to enhance and to take the essence of the motion that is there : Level of Art • The technique by which each frame is produced individually : In film/video production

  4. Form generation system Form Selection Animation Coloring Timings Lighting Texture

  5. What is Computer Animation? • The art of creating moving images via the use of computers • The use of computers to create animations : also referred to as CGI (Computer Generated Imagery) – especially when used in movies • The modeling, motion generation, addition of surfaces and then rendering

  6. Thus, Computer Graphics vs Animation (or, Computer Animation, a subfield) • Inter-related issues • Difficult to distinguish one from the other. • Their improvements are done in parallel! • Their effects …

  7. However, • Major Part of their difference is that Animation involves basically and primarily the concept of Motion Control

  8. Different ways of basicCGI • 3D Animations, create objects and then render them • Use standard computer painting tools to paint single frames and composite them • Use morphing : modify existing images and video

  9. A variety of uses of Its Applications

  10. Examples : - Medicine - Advertising - Film - Flight Simulation - Television - Simulation - Entertainment - Video

  11. The possibilities (of the applications) are endless Architecture, Multimedia, Engineering, Archeology, Chemistry, Art, Education, Scientific Visualization, Space Exploration +anything that you can think of !!!

  12. How is it done? • Aim : 24 distinct drawings for one second of animation produces realistic enough movement! i.e. perceivable due to way the eye and brain process images e.g. Human-Body Movement A Bouncing Ball A Horse Galloping etc.

  13. But, such a process, • Very time-consuming • Creating the characters • Programmed the movement(s) • Rendering (a lot of time) • Very expensive to produce, and often, • Very labor intensive as well as tedious

  14. Styles and techniques of Animation • Traditional Animation Character Animation Limited Animation Rotoscoping • Computer Animation Multi-Sketching Skeletal Animation Morph-target Animation Cel-shaded Animation Onion Skinning Analogue Computer Animation Motion Capture Tradigital Animation

  15. Styles and techniques of Animation(continued) • Drawn on Film • Special effects Animation

  16. To allow Animation to be viewed on a computer • Graphics file formats exist such as • GIF • MNG • SVG • Flash (SWF) etc.

  17. How is it done (continued) Sophisticated mathematics and/or constructive solid geometry are used • To manipulate complex 3D polygons • To apply textures • To apply lighting • To apply other effects to the polygon and finally, • To render the complete image

  18. Sophisticated Graphical User Interface (GUI) is used, usually, to create the animation

  19. Finding Nemo ReBoot (the 1st one!) Robots Chicken Little Toy Story 1 & 2 Waking Life Shrek 1 & 2 Veggie Tales Animusic Bratz Ice Age Father of the Bride Some examples (of CGI short films) and many-many more!

  20. Cartoons Without Politics (since 2001)(some more recent examples!) Films that used CGI, nominated for Academic Awards : • The Curse of the Were-Rabbit • Corpse Bride • Moving Castle In the future, films with excellent animated features, but perhaps without CGI!

  21. What is Rendering? • The process a computer uses to create an image from a data file • The process of generating the pixels of an image based on a high-level description of its components • The process of cutting a character/object from an image so that it can be used in designs

  22. Rendering (continued) A user handles a mesh – a rough representation of an object When s/he is satisfied with the mesh s/he renders the image i.e. every section of the mesh gets colored also, inclusion of hidden-line removal

  23. Rendering – a lengthy process Different methods : • Flat shading • Gourad • Phong • Ray Tracing • Radiosity

  24. Anti-aliasing Articulations Binary system Bitmap Contouring Coordinate systems Digitizing Direct Kinematics Direct Dynamics Face Fractals Human-figure animation Inverse Kinematics Inverse Dynamics Keyframing Modeling Morphing Mesh Onion skinning Pixels Primitives Rendering Resolution Surface Mapping

  25. Some examples !

  26. The future. What awaits us? What is expected : The current level of animation (2D, 3D) to be replaced with Virtual Reality i.e. the person watching a movie to see himself in the movie as a person watching from the side

  27. Computer Animationto become the standard way of making every kind of a movie, not just animated movies

  28. Realistic simulation of Humans Photorealistic human characters Undergoing physically-correct motion (with clothes, hair, interaction with other human characters That is, No difference from real actors No difference from the real world The possibilities are endless!!!

  29. Art and science meet when they both seek accuracy Etienne-Jules Marey (1888)

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