The Six Kingdoms

1. Archaebacteria Fungi Eubacteria The Six Kingdoms Animals Plants Protists

2. How are organism placed into their kingdoms? Cell Type Aerobic/Anaerobic prokaryote eukaryote Motility The number of cells in their body Their ability to make food heterotroph autotroph

3. Archaebacteria In 1983, scientists tool samples from a spot deep in the Pacific Ocean where hot gases and molten rock boiled into the ocean form the Earth’s interior. To their surprise they discovered unicellular organisms in the samples. Archaebacteria are found in extreme environments such as hot boiling water and thermal vents, under conditions with no oxygen or highly acid environments.

4. CELL TYPE # OF CELLS FOOD OXYGEN OTHER What characteristics do organisms in this kingdom share? Archaebacteria Prokaryote Single cell; Small size Cell Wall made of peptodiglycon Heterotrophic or Autotrophic Aerobic or Anaerobic Extreme environments

5. Eubacteria Like archaebacteria, eubacteria are complex and single celled. Most bacteria are in the EUBACTERIA kingdom. Eubacteria are classified in their own kingdom because their chemical makeup is different. Most eubacteria are helpful. Some produce vitamins and foods like yogurt. However, these eubacteria, Streptococci, can give you strep throat!

6. CELL TYPE # OF CELLS FOOD OXYGEN OTHER What characteristics do organisms in this kingdom share? Eubacteria Prokaryote Single cell; Small size Cell wall made of peptodiglycan can be colonial Heterotrophic or Autotrophic Aerobic or Anaerobic Non motile or motile

7. Protists Protists include all microscopic organisms that are notbacteria, not animals, not plants and not fungi. These delicate looking diatoms are classified in the protist kingdom. Most protists are unicellular. Protists are not classified in the Archaebacteria or Eubacteria kingdoms because, unlike bacteria, protists are complex cells.

8. CELL TYPE # OF CELLS FOOD OXYGEN OTHER What characteristics do organisms in this kingdom share? Protists Eukaryote Single cell No cell wall Heterotrophic or Autotrophic Aerobic Non motile or motile

9. Fungi Mushrooms, mold and mildew are all examples of organisms in the kingdom fungi. Most fungi are multicellular and consists of many complex cells. Unlike plants, fungi cannot make their own food. Most obtain their food from parts of plants that are decaying in the soil. Some fungi taste great and others can kill you!

10. CELL TYPE # OF CELLS FOOD OXYGEN OTHER What characteristics do organisms in this kingdom share? Fungi Eukaryote Multicellular Cell wall made of chitin Heterotrophic by absorption Aerobic Non motile Primary storage product glycogen filaments

11. Plants Flowering plants, mosses, and ferns. Plants are all multicellular and consist of complex cells. With over 250,000 species, the plant kingdom is the second largest kingdom. Plant species range from the tiny green mosses to the giant trees. Without plants, life on Earth would not exist! Plants feed almost all the heterotrophs on Earth. Wow!

12. CELL TYPE # OF CELLS FOOD OXYGEN OTHER What characteristics do organisms in this kingdom share? Plantea Eukaryote Multicellular Cell wall made of cellulose Autotrophic Aerobic Non motile Primary storage product starch Chloroplast

13. Animals The animal kingdom is the largest kingdom with over 1 million known species. Members of the animal kingdom are found in the most diverse environments in the world. Sumatran Tiger - Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum, Chordata, Class Mammalia, Order Carnivora, Family Felidae, Genus Pathera, Species tigris

14. CELL TYPE # OF CELLS FOOD OXYGEN OTHER What characteristics do organisms in this kingdom share? Animalia Eukaryote Multicellular No cell wall Heterotrophic by ingestion Aerobic Usually motile Complex nervous system

15. Classification of Animalia Animals can be classified into animals withoutbackbones (invertebrates) and animals withbackbones (vertebrates). Invertebrates - Many classes. No need to remember all. Vertebrates - 5 major classes. Fishes Reptiles Birds Amphibians Mammals