Titanic six persons from Australia

1. TITANIC Among those who shared that desperate night were Among those who shared that desperate night were six Australians six Australians two passengers and four crew members. two passengers and four crew members. THE FAMUSSHIP

2. Captain Edward Smith

3. Edward John Smith,RD ;27 January 1850 – 15 April 1912) was a British Merchant Navy officer. He served as master of numerousWhite Star Line vessels.He is best known as the captain of the RMSTitanic who perished when the ship sank on its maiden voyage. Raised in a working environment,he left school early to join the Merchant Navy and the Royal Naval Reserve.After earning his master's ticket,he entered the service of the White Star Line,a prestigious British company.He quickly rose through the ranks and graduated in 1887.His first command was the SS Celtic.He served as commanding officer of numerousWhite Star Line vessels, including the Majestic (which he commanded for nine years) and attracted a strong and loyal following amongst passengers.

4. In 1904,Smith became the commodore of theWhite Star Line,and was responsible for controlling its flagships.He successfully commanded the Baltic,Adriatic and the Olympic.In 1912,he was the captain of the maiden voyage of the RMSTitanic,which struck an iceberg and sank on 15 April 1912;over 1,500 perished in the sinking,including Smith who went down with the ship.For his stoicism and fortitude in the face of adversity,Smith became an icon of British "stiff upper lip" spirit and discipline. Despite the past trouble,Smith was again appointed to be in command of the newest ship in the Olympic class when the RMSTitanic left Southampton for her maiden voyage.Although some sources[which?] state that he had decided to retire after completing Titanic's maiden voyage,an article in the Halifax Morning Chronicle on 9 April 1912 stated that Smith would remain in charge of Titanic "until the Company (White Star Line) completed a larger and finer steamer." On 10 April 1912,Smith,wearing a bowler hat and a long overcoat,took a taxi from his home to Southampton docks.He came aboardTitanic at 7 am to prepare for the Board of Trade muster at 8:00 am.He immediately went to his cabin to get the sailing report from Chief Officer HenryWilde.After departure at noon,the huge amount of water displaced byTitanic as she passed caused the laid-up NewYork to break from her moorings and swing towardsTitanic.Quick action from Smith helped to avert a premature end to the maiden voyage.

5. There are conflicting accounts of Smith's death.Some survivors said they saw Smith enter the ship's wheelhouse on the bridge,and die there when it was engulfed.The NewYork Herald in its 19 April 1912 edition quoted RobertWilliams Daniel,who jumped from the stern immediately before the ship sank,in its 19 April 1912 edition as have claimed to have witnessed Captain Smith drown in the ship's wheelhouse."I saw Captain Smith on the bridge.My eyes seemingly clung to him.The deck from which I had leapt was immersed.The water had risen slowly,and was now to the floor of the bridge.Then it was to Captain Smith's waist.I saw him no more.He died a hero.Captain Smith himself made statements hinting that he would go down with his ship if he was ever confronted with a disaster.A friend of Smith's,Dr.Williams,asked Captain Smith what would happen if the Adriatic struck a concealed reef of ice and was badly damaged."Some of us wouldgo to the bottom with the ship," was Smith's reply.A boyhood friend,William Jones said,"Ted Smith passed away just as he would have loved to do.To stand on the bridge of his vessel and go down with her was characteristic of all his actions when we were boys together.Because of these factors as well as the accounts of Smith going inside the wheelhouse,this has remained the iconic image which has remained of Smith and has been perpetuated by film portrayals.

6. The statue of Captain Smith in Beacon Park,Lichfield, Staffordshire, England

7. AT TWENTY TO MIDNIGHT on 14 April 1912, RMS Titanic struck the iceberg that would take her to the seabed in one of the deadliest maritime disasters in history. While 1,316 passengers and about 900 crew had embarked for the journey from Southampton, England, to New York City, USA, there were only 20 lifeboats and though the ship took nearly two and a half hours to sink, only 710 people survived. “Titanic, name and thing, will stand as a monument and warning to human presumption,” said England’s Bishop of Winchester in a sermon the Sunday after the disaster. Among those who shared that desperate night were six Australians – two passengers and four crew members. Titanic’s Australian crew members: Donald Campbell, who was born in Melbourne around 1887, was a third class clerk, and a member of the ‘victualling crew’, responsible for food provisions. Leonard White, who was born in Sydney around 1881, was a saloon steward. Little is known about the background of these two men, but there are more records associated with Alfred Nichols, also from Sydney. Alfred was about 42 on the night of the disaster, and worked as a boatswain – an officer in charge of the Titanic‘s deck crew, rigging, cables and anchors. Nicknamed ‘Big Neck’, Alfred was last seen leading a team of men to open a few of the lower gangway doors to so that people could be loaded onto lifeboats. None of those men were ever seen again. Donald and Leonard also perished that night, presumably in the freezing water that killed its victims within minutes. Their bodies, like Alfred’s, were never recovered.

9. Year1909 Harland &Wolffs Shipyeard Belfast,Ireland

11. South Australians aboard the Titanic The three other Australians on board Titanic were all from South Australia, or had spent time there. Charles Dahl, who was born in Norway in 1866, had emigrated to Adelaide in 1892, where he worked as a joiner and lived until 1912. He was asleep in his cabin when the ship struck the iceberg. After dressing in warm clothes, he made his way to the deck and escaped in Lifeboat 15. Later, he criticised both the lack of lifeboats and the provisions on board. “If there had been more lifeboats, every soul on the vessel might have been saved,” he told a newspaper, the Chicago American, in a story published on 24 April 1912. “There were no provisions or water in any of the lifeboats,” he added. “We didn’t even have a lantern.” After a period of recuperation in the USA, Charles went back to Norway, where he died at the age of 76. Arthur Gordon McCrae was born in Adelaide in 1880. His grandmother, Georgiana McCrae, who was a respected painter, was the illegitimate daughter of an English duke, and had settled in the Mornington Peninsula, Victoria, with her husband. He worked at a gold mine in West Africa and at a Siberian copper mine before deciding in 1912 to travel to Canada to visit friends. Arthur travelled as a second class passenger on Titanic. He became one of the more than 90 per cent of male second class passengers who died, as officers in charge of loading lifeboats gave precedence to women and children.

12. Evelyn Marsden, stewardess and nurse aboard the Titanic. (Credit: South Australian Maritime Museum)

13. First class Titanic passenger The final Australian on board that night was Evelyn Marsden, who was born at Stockyard Creek in Dalkey, about 80 km north of Adelaide. She was a stewardess and a nurse in first class on the ship. “She shared a cabin with a Miss May Sloan who later wrote that within a few minutes of the collision they were taken by the doctor to his cabin for a fortifying glass of whisky and water,” says Petrea Hann, who lives in Gilberton, Adelaide, and whose mother was Evelyn’s niece. As a girl, Evelyn learned to row a boat against the tides and currents of the Murray River, and she became a member of the Murray Bridge women’s rowing club. At 1.35 am on the night of the disaster, she was rescued in Lifeboat 16, and her skill became invaluable – as Evelyn helped to row the boat while also taking care of a baby. Eventually, Evelyn settled in Sydney, where she was buried on her death in 1938. “I think that what Evelyn saw that fateful night stayed with her for the rest of her life. It was something she never really recovered from

15. Titanic was equipped with three main engines—two reciprocating four-cylinder,triple-expansion steam engines and one centrally placed low-pressure Parsons turbine—each driving a propeller.The two reciprocating engines had a combined output of 30,000 hp and a further 16,000 hp was contributed by the turbine. The White Star Line had used the same combination of engines on an earlier liner,the SS Laurentic,where it had been a great success. It provided a good combination of performance and speed;reciprocating engines by themselves were not powerful enough to propel an Olympic-class liner at the desiredspeeds,while turbines were sufficiently powerful but caused uncomfortable vibrations,a problem that affected the all-turbine Cunard liners Lusitania and Mauretania. By combining reciprocating engines with a turbine,fuel usage could be reduced and motive power increased,while using the same amount of steam

16. RMSTitanic was a British passenger liner that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in the early morning hours of 15 April 1912,after it collided with an iceberg during its maiden voyagefrom Southamptonto NewYorkCity.There werean estimated 2,224 passengersand crew aboard the ship,and more than 1,500 died, making it one of the deadliest commercial peacetime maritime disasters in modern history.The RMSTitanic was the largest ship afloat at the time it entered service and was the second of three Olympic-class ocean liner s operated by theWhite Star Line.The Titanicwas built by the Harland andWolffshipyardin Belfast. Thomas Andrews,her architect,died in the disaster.

17. After leaving Southampton on 10 April 1912,Titanic called at Cherbourg in France and Queenstown (now Cobh) in Ireland before heading west to NewYork.On 14 April,four days into the crossing and about 375 miles (600 km) south of Newfoundland,she hit an iceberg at 11:40 p.m.ship's time.The collision caused the ship's hull plates to buckle inwards along her starboard (right) side and opened five of her sixteen watertight compartments to the sea;she could only survive four flooding. Meanwhile,passengers and somecrew members were evacuated in lifeboats,many of which were launched only partially loaded.A disproportionate number of men were left aboard because of a "women and children first" protocol for loading lifeboats.At 2:20 a.m.,she broke apart and foundered—with well over one thousand people still aboard.Just under two hours after the Titanic sank,the Cunard liner RMS Carpathia arrived at the scene, where she brought aboard an estimated 705 survivors.

19. Titanic was under the command of Edward Smith,who also went down with the ship.The ocean liner carried some of the wealthiest people in the world,as well as hundreds of emigrants from Great Britain and Ireland,Scandinavia and elsewhere throughout Europe who were seeking a new life in the United States. The first-class accommodation was designed to be the pinnacle of comfort and luxury,with an on-board gymnasium,swimming pool,libraries,high-class restaurants and opulent cabins.A high-powered radiotelegraph transmitter was available for sending passenger "marconigrams" and for the ship's operational use.AlthoughTitanic had advanced safety features such as watertight compartments and remotely activated watertight doors,there were not enough lifeboats to accommodate all of those aboard,due to outdated maritime safety regulations.Titanic only carried enough lifeboats for 1,178 people—slightly more than half of the number on board,and one third of her total capacity.

20. Titanic Titanic

22. The main grandstairs The Parisian Café The First Class Lounge The Gym The First Class Smoking Room The First Class Cabin

23. Engine room The Turkish Bath Boat Deck

24. The disaster was met with worldwide shock and outrage at the huge loss of life and the regulatory and operational failures that had led to it.Public inquiries in Britain and the United States led to major improvements in maritime safety.One of their most important legacies was the establishment in 1914 of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS),which still governs maritime safety today. Additionally,several new wireless regulations were passed around the world in an effort to learn from the many missteps in wireless communications—which could have saved many more passengers. The wreck of Titanic was first discovered in 1985 (more than 70 years after the disaster),and the vessel remains on the seabed.The ship was split in two and is gradually disintegrating at a depth of 12,415 feet (3,784 m).Since her discovery in 1985,thousands of artefacts have been recovered and put on display at museums around the world.TitanicThe disaster was met with worldwide shock and outrage at the huge loss of life and the regulatory and operational failures that had led to it.Public inquiries in Britain and the United States led to major improvements has become one of the most famous ships in history;her memory is kept aliveby numerous works of popular culture,including books,folk songs,films,exhibits,and memorials. Titanic is the second largest ocean liner wreck in the world,only beaten by her sister HMHS Britannic,the largest ever sunk.

25. The name Titanic was derived from Greek mythology and meant gigantic.Built in Belfast,Ireland,in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (as it was then known),the RMSTitanic was the second of the three Olympic-class ocean liner s—the first was the RMS Olympic and the third was the HMHS Britannic. They were by far the largest vessels of the British shipping companyWhite Star Line's fleet,which comprised 29 steamers and tenders in 1912.The three ships had their genesis in a discussion in mid-1907 between theWhite Star Line's chairman,J.Bruce Ismay,and the American financier J.P. Morgan,who controlled theWhite Star Line's parent corporation,the International Mercantile Marine Co.(IMM). TheWhite Star Line faced an increasing challenge from its main rivals Cunard,which had recently launched the Lusitania and the Mauretania—the fastest passenger ships then in service—and the German lines Hamburg America and Norddeutscher Lloyd.Ismay preferred to compete on size rather than speed and proposed to commission a new class of liners that would be larger than anything that had gone before as well as being the last word in comfort and luxury.The company sought an upgrade in their fleet primarily in response to the Cunard giants but also to replace their oldest pair of passenger ships still in service,being the SSTeutonic of 1889 and SS Majestic of 1890.Teutonic was replaced by Olympic while Majestic was replaced byTitanic.Majestic would be brought back into her old spot onWhite Star's NewYork service after Titanic's loss.

26. The ships were constructed by the Belfast shipbuilders Harland andWolff,who had a long- established relationship with theWhite Star Line dating back to 1867.Harland andWolff were given a great deal of latitude in designing ships for theWhite Star Line;the usual approach was for the latter to sketch out a general concept which the former would take away and turn into a ship design.Cost considerations were relatively low on the agenda and Harland andWolff was authorised to spend what it needed on the ships, plus a five percent profit margin.In the case of the Olympic-class ships,a cost of £3 million (£250 million in 2015 money) for the first two ships was agreed plus "extras to contract" and the usual five percent fee. Harland andWolff put their leading designers to work designing the Olympic-class vessels.The design was overseenby Lord Pirrie,a director of both Harland andWolff and theWhite Star Line; naval architectThomas Andrews,the managing director of Harland andWolff's design department; EdwardWilding,Andrews' deputy and responsible for calculating the ship's design,stability and trim;and Alexander Carlisle,the shipyard's chief draughtsman and general manager.Carlisle's responsibilities included the decorations, equipment and all general arrangements,including the implementation of an efficient lifeboat davit design.

27. Dimensions and layout Titanic was 882 feet 9 inches (269.06 m) long with a maximum breadth of 92 feet 6 inches (28.19 m).Her total height,measured from the base of the keel to the top of the bridge,was 104 feet (32 m). She measured 46,328 gross register tons and with a draught of 34 feet 7 inches (10.54 m),she displaced 52,310 tons. All three of the Olympic-class ships had ten decks (excluding the top of the officers' quarters),eight of which were for passenger use.From top to bottom,the decks were:

28. The Boat Deck,on which the lifeboats were housed.It was from here during the early hours of 15 April 1912 thatTitanic's lifeboats were lowered into the North Atlantic.The bridge and wheelhouse were at the forward end,in front of the captain's and officers' quarters.The bridge stood 8 feet (2.4 m) above the deck,extending out to either side so that the ship could be controlled while docking.The wheelhouse stood directly behind and above the bridge.The entrance to the First Class Grand Staircase and gymnasium were located midships along with the raised roof of the First Class lounge,while at the rear of the deck were the roof of the First Class smoke room and the relatively modest Second Class entrance.The wood- covered deck was divided into four segregated promenades: for officers,First Class passengers,engineers,and Second Class passengers respectively.Lifeboats lined the side of the deck except in the First Class area,where there was a gap so that the view would not be spoiled.

29. A Deck,also called the Promenade Deck,extended along the entire 546 feet (166 m) length of the superstructure.It was reserved exclusively for First Class passengers and contained First Class cabins, the First Class lounge,smoke room,reading and writing rooms and Palm Court. B Deck,the Bridge Deck,was the top weight-bearing deck and the uppermost level of the hull. More First Class passenger accommodationswere located here with six palatial staterooms (cabins) featuring their own private promenades.OnTitanic,the À La Carte Restaurant and the Café Parisien provided luxury dining facilities to First Class passengers.Both were run by subcontracted chefs and their staff;all were lost in the disaster.The Second Class smoking room and entrance hall were both located on this deck.The raised forecastle of the ship was forward of the Bridge Deck,accommodating Number 1 hatch (the main hatch through to the cargo holds),numerous pieces of machinery and the anchor housings. Aft of the Bridge Deck was the raised Poop Deck,106 feet (32 m) long,used as a promenade byThird Class passengers.It was where many ofTitanic's passengers and crew made their last stand as the ship sank. The forecastle and Poop Deck were separated from the Bridge Deck by well decks.

30. C Deck,the Shelter Deck,was the highest deck to run uninterrupted from stem to stern.It included both well decks;the aft one served as part of the Third Class promenade.Crew cabins were housed below the forecastle andThird Class public rooms werehoused below the Poop Deck.In between were the majority of First Class cabins and the Second Class library. D Deck,the Saloon Deck,was dominated by three large public rooms—the First Class Reception Room,the First Class Dining Saloon and the Second Class Dining Saloon.An open space was provided for Third Class passengers.First,Second andThird Class passengers had cabins on this deck,with berths for firemen located in the bow.It was the highest level reached by the ship's watertight bulkheads (though only by eight of the fifteen bulkheads). E Deck, the Upper Deck,was predominantly used for passenger accommodation for all three classes plus berths for cooks,seamen,stewards and trimmers.Along its length ran a long passageway nicknamed Scotland Road,in reference to a famous street in Liverpool.Scotland Road was used byThird Class passengers and crew members.

31. E Deck,the Upper Deck,was predominantly used for passenger accommodation for all three classes plus berths for cooks,seamen,stewards and trimmers.Along its length ran a long passageway nicknamed Scotland Road,in reference to a famous street in Liverpool.Scotland Road was used byThird Class passengers and crew members. F Deck,the Middle Deck,was the last complete deck and mainly accommodated Second and Third Class passengersandseveral departments of the crew.The Third Class dining saloon was located here,as were the swimming pool and Turkish bath. G Deck,the Lower Deck,was the lowest complete deck that carried passengers,and had the lowest portholes,just above the waterline.The squash court was located here along with the traveling post office where letters and parcels were sorted ready for delivery when the ship docked.Food was also stored here. The deck was interrupted at several points by orlop (partial) decks over the boiler,engine and turbine rooms. The Orlop Decks and the TankTop below that were on the lowest level of the ship,below the waterline.The orlop decks were used as cargo spaces,while the TankTop—the inner bottom of the ship's hull— provided the platform on which the ship's boilers,engines,turbines and electrical generators were housed.This area of the ship was occupied by the engine and boiler rooms,areas which passengers would have been prohibited from seeing.They were connected with higher levels of the ship by flights of stairs;twin spiral stairways near the bow provided access up to D Deck.

32. The two reciprocating engines were each 63 feet (19 m) long and weighed 720 tons,with their bedplates contributing a further 195 tons.They were powered by steam produced in 29 boilers,24 of which were double-ended and five single-ended,which contained a total of 159 furnaces.The boilers were 15 feet 9 inches (4.80 m) in diameter and 20 feet (6.1 m) long,each weighing 91.5 tons and capable of holding 48.5 tons of water. They were heated by burning coal,6,611 tons of which could be carried in Titanic's bunkers,with a further 1,092 tons in Hold 3.The furnaces required over 600 tons of coal a day to be shovelled into them by hand,requiring the services of 176 firemen working around the clock.100 tons of ash a day had to be disposed of by ejecting it into the sea.The work was relentless,dirty and dangerous, and although firemen were paid relatively generously there was a high suicide rate among those who worked in that capacity.

33. Exhaust steam leaving the reciprocating engines was fed into the turbine,which was situated aft. From there it passed into a surface condenser,to increase the efficiency of the turbine and so that the steam could be condensed back into water and reused.The engines were attached directly to long shafts which drove the propellers.There were three,one for each engine;the outer (or wing) propellers were the largest,each carrying three blades of manganese-bronze alloy with a total diameter of 23.5 feet (7.2 m).The middle propeller was slightly smaller at 17 feet (5.2 m) in diameter, and could be stopped but not reversed. Titanic'selectrical plant was capable of producing more power than an average city power station of the time.Immediately aft of the turbine engine were four 400 kW steam-driven electric generators,used to provide electrical power to the ship,plus two 30 kW auxiliary generators for emergency use.Their location in the stern of the ship meant they remained operational until the last few minutes before the ship sank

34. The passenger facilities aboardTitanic aimed to meet the highest standards of luxury.According toTitanic's general arrangement plans,the ship could accommodate 833 First Class Passengers,614 in Second Class and 1,006 in Third Class,for a total passenger capacity of 2,453.In addition,her capacity for crew members exceeded 900,as most documents of her original configuration have stated that her full carrying capacity for both passengers and crew was approximately 3,547.Her interior design was a departure from that of other passenger liners,which had typically been decorated in the rather heavy style of a manor house or an English country house. Titanic was laid out in a much lighter style similar to that of contemporary high- class hotels—the Ritz Hotel was a reference point—with First Class cabins finished in the Empire style.A variety of other decorative styles, ranging from the Renaissance to Louis XV,were used to decorate cabins and public rooms in First and Second Class areas of the ship.The aim was to convey an impression that the passengers were in a floating hotel rather than a ship;as one passenger recalled,on entering the ship's interior a passenger would "at once lose the feeling that we are on board ship,and seem instead to be entering the hall of some great house on shore

35. Among the more novel features availableto first-class passengers was a 7 ft.deep saltwater swimming pool,a gymnasium,a squash court, and a Turkish bath which comprised electric bath,steam room,cool room,massage room, and hot room. First-classcommon rooms were impressive in scope and lavishly decorated. They included a Lounge in the style of the Palace ofVersailles,an enormous Reception Room,a men's Smoking Room,and a Reading andWriting Room.There was an À la Carte Restaurant in the style of the Ritz Hotel which was run as a concession by the famous Italian restaurateur Gaspare Gatti. A Café Parisien decorated in the style of a French sidewalk café,complete with ivy covered trellises and wicker furniture,was run as an annex to the restaurant.For an extra cost, La Circassienne au Bain;the most highly valued item of cargo lost on the Titanic.

36. Joseph Bruce Ismay ;12 December 1862 – 17 October 1937) was an English businessman who served as chairman and managing director of theWhite Star Line.In 1912 he came to international attention as the highest-rankingWhite Star official to survive the sinking of the company's brand new flagship RMS Titanic,for which he was subject to severe criticism. In 1907,Ismay met Lord Pirrie of the Harland &Wolff shipyard to discussWhite Star's answer to the RMS Lusitania and the RMS Mauretania,the recently unveiled marvels of their chief competitor,Cunard Line. Ismay's new type of ship would not be as fast as their competitors,but it would have huge steerage capacity and luxury unparalleled in the history of ocean-going steamships.The latter feature was largely meant to attract the wealthy and the prosperous middle class.Three ships of the Olympic Class were planned and built.They were in order RMS Olympic,RMSTitanic and RMS - later HMHS Britannic.In a highly controversial move,during construction of the first two Olympic class liners,Ismay authorized the projected number of lifeboats reduced from 48 to 16,the latter being the minimum allowed by the Board of Trade,based on the RMS Olympic's tonnage

37. During the congressional investigations,some passengers testified that during the voyage they heard Ismay pressuring Captain Edward J.Smith to go faster,in order to arrive in NewYork ahead of schedule and generate some free press about the new liner.The book TheWhite Star Line:An Illustrated History (2000) by Paul Louden-Brown states that this was unlikely,and that Ismay's record does not support the notion that he had any motive to do so. Writing on the BBC News magazine website,RosieWaites reports that Ismay was widely vilified in America after the sinking of the Titanic,due to the hostility of the press controlled byWilliam Randolph Hearst,who had fallen out with Ismay.Waites writes "Ismay was almost universally condemned in America,where the Hearst syndicated press ran a vitriolic campaign against him,labelling him 'J.Brute Ismay'.It published lists of all those who died but in the column of those saved it had just one name - Ismay's. Following from the Hearst press depiction of Ismay,Waites writes that every subsequent film about the Titanic has depicted Ismay as a villain including the Nazi Titanic film;A Night To Remember;James Cameron'sTitanic; and Julian Fellowes'TV miniseries Titanic.Louden-Brown, consultant to the Cameron film,has stated that he thought this characterisation of Ismay was unfair and he tried to challenge this.Louden-Brown said "Apart from being told,under no circumstances are we prepared to adjust the script,one thing they also said is 'this is what the public expect to see'. Lord Mersey,who led the 1912 British inquiry into the sinking of the Titanic,concluded that Ismay had helped many other passengers before finding a place for himself on the last lifeboat to leave the starboard sid

43. April 15,1912 Survivorshuddle for warmth on the deck of the Carparthia.

44. Titanic's passengers numbered approximately 1,317 people:324 in First Class,284 in Second Class,and 709 in Third Class.Of these,869 (66%) were male and 447 (34%) female.There were 107 children aboard,the largest number of which were in Third Class.[5]The ship was considerably under capacity on her maiden voyage,as she could accommodate 2,453 passengers—833 First Class,614 Second Class,and 1,006Third Class. The Titanic's first-class list was a "who's who" of the rich and prominent of the upper class in 1912.A single-person berth in first class cost between £30 (equivalent to £2,700 in 2015),to £870 (equivalent to £78,000 in 2015) for a parlour suite and small private promenade deck.First class passengers enjoyed a number of amenities including a gymnasium,a squash court,a salt water swimming pool, electric and Turkish baths,a barbershop,kennels for first class dogs,elevators, and both open and enclosed promenades.First class passengers also traveled accompanied by personal staff—valets,maids,nurses and governesses for the children, chauffeurs and cooks. American socialite Margaret Brown

45. Margaret "Maggie" Brown (July 18,1867 – October 26, 1932) (posthumously known as "The Unsinkable Molly Brown") was an American socialite and philanthropist. She is best remembered for exhorting the crew in Lifeboat No.6 to return to the debris field of the 1912 sinking of RMS Titanic to look for survivors.Accounts differ on whether the boat actually returned to look for survivors,and if so,if any survivors were found. During her lifetime,her friends called her "Maggie", but even by her death,obituaries referred to her as the "Unsinkable Mrs.Brown".The reference was further reinforced by a 1960 Broadway musical based on her life and its 1964 film adaptation which were both entitled The Unsinkable Molly Brown.

46. Secondclass' passengers were leisure tourists,academics,members of the clergy and middle class English and American families.The ship's musicians travelled in second class accommodations; they were not counted as members of the crew but were employed by an agency under contract to theWhite Star Line.The average ticket price for an adult second class passenger was £13,the equivalent of £1,123 today.and for many of these passengers,their travel experience on the Titanic was akin to travelling first class on smaller liners.Second class passengers had their own library and the men had access to a private smoking room.Second class children could read the children's books provided in the library or play deck quoits and shuffleboard on the second class promenade.Twelve-year-old Ruth Becker passed the time by pushing her two-year-old brother Richard around the enclosed promenade in a stroller provided by theWhite Star Line. Michel,right,and Edmond Navratil,the "Titanic Orphans" Two Roman Catholic priests on board,Father Thomas Byles and Father Joseph Peruschitz,celebrated Mass every day for second and third class passengers during the voyage.Father Byles gave his homilies in English,Irish and French and Father Peruschitz gave his in German and Hungarian.

47. The Goodwins and 5 of their 6 children: William, Frederick, Charles,Harold, Lillian, Augusta,Jessie The youngest Goodwin,Sidney Bertram and Millvina Dean

48. The third class passengers or steerage passengers left hoping to start new lives in the United States and Canada.Third class passengers paid £7 (£777 today) for their ticket,depending on their place of origin; ticket prices often included the price of rail travel to the three departure ports.Tickets for children cost £3 (£259 today). Third class passengers were a diverse group of nationalities and ethnic groups.In addition to large numbers of British,Irish,and Scandinavian immigrants,there were passengers from Central and Eastern Europe,the Middle East (primarily Lebanon and Syria) and Hong Kong.Some travelled alone or in small family groups.Several groups of mothers were travelling alone with their young children—most going to join their husbands who had already gone to America to find jobs,and, having saved up enough money, could now send for their families Surviving Crue Crue

49. Dagmar Bryhl survived From Sweden From Sweden

50. Berta Nilsson from Ransbysäter Lysvik Sweden