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OCR A Level Biology

Many students find it difficult to understand the cell structure and microscopy. So, if you are among them, you can receive guidance fromu00a0A Level Biology Tutoru00a0at Bright Mind Tutors.u00a0<br>

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OCR A Level Biology

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  1. OCR A Level Biology: Cell Structure

  2. Many students find it difficult to understand the cell structure and microscopy. So, if you are among them, you can receive guidance from A Level Biology Tutor at Bright Mind Tutors. 

  3. OCR Biology A Level:  The Ultrastructure of Eukaryotic Cells  OCR A Level Biology: All living organisms are classified into two distinct domains: eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Eukaryotic organisms have cells that contain a nucleus, whereas prokaryotic organisms lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic cells, such as those found in animals, plants, and fungi, may include the following organelles:

  4. Nucleus • Nucleolus • Nuclear envelope • Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) • Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) • Golgi apparatus • Ribosomes • Mitochondria • Lysosomes • Chloroplasts • Plasma membrane • Centrioles • Cell wall • Flagella • Cilia • Vacuole

  5. Cytoskeleton • The cytoskeleton, a network of protein threads in the cytoplasm, consists of microfilaments and microtubules in eukaryotes. It supports and positions the cell’s organelles, facilitates the movement of organelles and chromosomes during cell division, strengthens the cell, maintains its shape, and enables the movement of cilia and flagella. Moreover, you can learn from OCR A Level Biology Past Papers to revise for your exams.

  6. Learn the Difference between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells from A Level Biology Tutor • Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles, so they don’t have mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, or a nucleus. Their DNA is a single circular chromosome that floats freely in the cytoplasm, along with extra DNA in small circular plasmids. Prokaryotes have smaller ribosomes (70S) compared to eukaryotes (80S). • In eukaryotes like plants and fungi, cell walls are made of cellulose and chitin, while bacterial cell walls consist of murein. Prokaryotic cells are significantly smaller than eukaryotic cells. Both can have flagella, but in prokaryotes, flagella are made of flagellin, whereas in eukaryotes, they are composed of microtubules.

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