谨以此片献给长期以来为我国地理科学与自然资源综合考察事业做出卓越贡献的科学工作者和后勤工作人员

1. 谨以此片献给长期以来为我国地理科学与自然资源综合考察事业做出卓越贡献的科学工作者和后勤工作人员谨以此片献给长期以来为我国地理科学与自然资源综合考察事业做出卓越贡献的科学工作者和后勤工作人员

3. 当全所职工都在为知识创新工程奋发图强再创辉煌的时候，我们把我所科学家们长年在野外科学考察时拍摄的部分精彩照片（51幅），陈列在所图书馆走廊两侧，同时配以简要学术说明(中英文)奉献给大家。当全所职工都在为知识创新工程奋发图强再创辉煌的时候，我们把我所科学家们长年在野外科学考察时拍摄的部分精彩照片（51幅），陈列在所图书馆走廊两侧，同时配以简要学术说明(中英文)奉献给大家。 在探索自然界奥秘的历程中，我所科学家们战胜了难以想象的艰难险阻，克服了人类生理极限的考验。他们踏上了极地的冰盖、登上高山冰川、穿过了可可西里的无人区、探寻着江河之源…。 我们期望通过这次展示，让更多的人们认识自然，获得知识，从而唤起更多学者到大地、森林、高山、海洋中去探索去创新。今后，我们将不断地把您们的新发现在这块园地上展出。 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 图书馆 2002年8月

4. 珠穆朗玛峰和冰塔林 Mount Qomolangma and Forest of Seracs 摄影：杨逸畴 拍摄时间：80年代 拍摄地点：绒布寺以上东绒布冰川 海拔：5800米 Photo: Yang Yichou Time: 1980s Site: The East Rongbuk Glacier, above Rongbuk Lamasery Height: 5800 m 简要说明：世界第一高峰-―珠穆朗玛峰，海拔8848.13米，该北坡发育的东绒布冰川是典型的大陆性冰川，冰川消融区有十分发育的冰塔林地貌。 Brief Introduction: The highest peak in the world, Mount Qomolangma (the Everest), is 8848.13 meters high. The East Rongbuk glacier, which developed on north face of the Mount, is a typical continental glacier, with forest seracs landform grown well on the ablation area of the glacier.

6. 通过冰塔林 Passing through Forest of Seracs 摄影：杨逸畴 拍摄时间：80年代 拍摄地点：珠穆朗玛峰地区 海拔：6000米 Photo: Yang Yichou Time: 1980s Site: Mount Qomolangma (the Everest) Height: 6000 m 简要说明：登山队员在攀登珠穆朗玛峰过程中，经过绒布冰川消融区的冰塔林区。冰塔林是大陆性冰川消融区的一种冰面地貌，我国主要在珠穆朗玛峰北坡的冰川和喀喇昆仑山的冰川上有发育，这是中低纬度地区太阳直射对冰面产生的差别消融侵蚀，从而形成的一种似塔似林的奇特冰面地貌。 Brief Introduction: On the way to Mount Qomolangma, mountaineers were passing by the forest of seracs in ablation area of the Rongbuk Glacier. Forest of seracs is a kind of ice-surface landform in ablation areas of continental glaciers, in China mainly developed in glaciers on north face of Mount Qomolangma and on the Karakorum Mountains. This kind of surprising tower-or-forest-liked ice-surface landform is caused by different ablation erosion happened on ice surfaces with vertical sunrays in middle and lower latitude areas.

8. 乔戈里峰 Mount Qogir 摄影：杨逸畴、杜泽泉 拍摄时间：1990年8月 拍摄地点：乔戈里峰山前高原面上 海拔：5500米 Photo: Yang Yichou, Du Zequan Time: August, 1990 Site: On plateau surface in front of Mount Qogir Height: 5500 m 简要说明：乔戈里峰是喀喇昆仑山主峰，位于中国与巴基斯坦边境上，是世界第二高峰，海拔8611米，山巅呈金字塔型，冰崖壁立，山势险峻。陡峭的坡壁上布满了雪崩的溜槽痕迹。山峰顶部是一个由北向南微微升起的冰坡，面积较大。北侧如同刀削斧劈，平均坡度达４５°以上。从北侧大本营到顶峰，垂直高差竟达４７００米，是世界上８０００米以上高峰垂直高差最大的山峰。北侧的乔戈里冰川，地形复杂多变。冰川表面破碎，明暗冰裂缝纵横交错。冰川西侧山谷为陡峭岩壁，滚石、冰崩、雪崩频繁。此峰素以攀登难度大而著称，我国登山运动员至今尚未登顶成功。 Brief Introduction: Mount Qogir is the highest peak of the Karakorum Mountains, and lies on the boundary between China and Pakistan. It is the second highest peak in the world (8611 meters). The Mount holds a pyramidal shape, and is extremely rugged, with ice cliffs standing erectly, marks of snowslips all over the surfaces of steep slopes. At the top of the Mount is an ice slope rising slightly from north to south, owning a relative big area. Many slopes on its north face are standing near verticaly, with an average grade of over 45°. From base camp on north side to the very crest, difference of vertical elevation reaches surprisingly to 4700 meters, the biggest figure in the world among all peaks over 8000 meters high. Qogir Glacier lies on the north side of the Mount, with extremely various landforms. The surface of the glacier is very fragmented, with ice cracks interveined each other visibly or invisibly. West of the glacier is a valley with frequent rolling rocks, icefalls and snowslips. For a long time the Mount is famous for its difficulty in ascending to. So far it has not conquered by Chinese mountaineers yet.

10. 金色的南迦巴瓦峰 Golden Mount Namjagbarwa 摄影：杨逸畴 拍摄时间：1984年4月 拍摄地点：藏东南喜马拉雅山东端最高峰 海拔：7787米 Photo: Yang Yichou Time: April, 1984 Site: Highest peak of the east Himalayas, southeastern Tibet Height: 7787 m 简要说明：喜马拉雅东端最高峰南迦巴瓦峰，世界第15高峰，世界第一大峡谷-―雅鲁藏布大峡谷围绕它作马蹄形大拐弯而流。南迦巴瓦峰的高山峡谷多雪崩，攀登难度极大，至今只有中日联合登山队在1990年12月登顶成功。 Brief Introduction: Mount Namjagbarwa is the highest peak of eastern part of the Himalayas, also the 15th highest peak in the world. The biggest gorge of the world, i.e., the Great Yarlung Zangbo Gorge, presents a spectacular horseshoe bend here. There are many snowslips occurred in alpine gorges of Mount Namjagbarwa, so it is extremely difficult to take climb activities here. So far the only successful overcoming was carried out by a Chinese-Japanese Joint Climbing Team in December, 1990.

12. 挺进南迦巴瓦 Marching forward to Mount Namjagbarwa 摄影：杨逸畴 拍摄时间：1983年4月 拍摄地点：西藏东南南迦巴瓦峰西坡接近当嘎大本营 海拔：3800米 Photo: Yang Yichou Time: April, 1983 Site: West face of Mount Namjagbarwa, southeast of Tibet, near Dangga base camp Height: 3800 m 简要说明：南迦巴瓦峰是喜马拉雅山东端最高峰，海拔7787米，世界第一大峡谷--雅鲁藏布大峡谷围绕它而流，高峰峡谷，地形陡峭，这是1983年4月南迦巴瓦登山科考队员和国家登山队员一起向南迦巴瓦峰挺进。 Brief Introduction: Mount Namjagbarwa, 7787 meters high, is the highest peak of eastern part of the Himalayas. The biggest gorge in the world, Great Yarlung Zangbo Gorge extends around the Mount here. With high peaks and deep gorge, landform is very steep. This picture shows members of a research team and a national mountaineering team were marching forward to Mount Namjagbarwa, in April, 1983.

14. 通过冰塔林区 Passing through Forest of Seracs 摄影：杨逸畴 拍摄时间：1983年5月 拍摄地点：珠穆朗玛峰登山途中 海拔：5500米 Photo: Yang Yichou Time: May, 1983 Site: Mount Qomolangma Height: 5500 m 简要说明：登山队员在攀登珠穆朗玛峰过程中，经过冰川消融区的冰塔林。冰塔林是大陆性冰川消融区的一种冰面地貌，我国主要在珠穆朗玛峰北坡的冰川和喀喇昆仑山的冰川上有发育，这是中低纬度地区太阳直射对冰面产生的差别消融侵蚀，从而形成的一种奇特的冰面地貌。 Brief Introduction: In the process of climbing Mount Qomolangma, mountaineers were passing by the forest of seracs in ablation area of the Rongbuk Glacier. Forest of seracs is a kind of ice-surface landform in ablation areas of continental glaciers. In China such landform is mainly developed in glaciers on north face of Mount Qomolangma and on the Karakorum Mountains. This kind of surprising tower-or-forest-liked ice-surface landform is caused by different ablation erosion onto ice surfaces from vertical sunrays in middle and lower latitude areas.

16. 雅鲁藏布大拐弯峡谷 The Spectacular Yarlung Zangbo Horseshoe Bend Gorge 摄影：杨逸畴 拍摄时间：1998年5月 拍摄地点：藏东南林芝县扎曲 海拔：2200米 Photo: Yang Yichou Time: May, 1998 Site: Za Qu, Nyingchi County, southeastern Tibet Height: 2200 m 简要说明：雅鲁藏布大峡谷是世界第一大峡谷，它是由我所地理学家为首论证和发现的（1994年），大峡谷围绕南迦巴瓦峰作马蹄形大拐弯是它的基本而显著的特点。 Brief Introduction: The Great Yarlung Zangbo Gorge is the biggest gorge in the world. It was discovered and determined by geographers of this institute who took the lead in 1994. Its primary and distinct characteristic is the spectacular big horseshoe bend that surrounds Mount Namjagbarwa.

18. 南迦巴瓦峰之春 Spring in Mount Namjagbarwa 摄影：杨逸畴、杜泽泉 拍摄时间：1998年4月 拍摄地点：藏东南米林县宜淀平台上 海拔：3200米 Photo: Yang Yichou, Du Zequan Time: April, 1998 Site: On Yidian platform, Mainling County, southeast of Tibet Height: 3200 m 简要说明：以南迦巴瓦峰为首的东喜马拉雅山雪峰银岭，一到春天（4～6月），其西坡山麓桃花盛开，粉红或白色的野生光核桃花与雪峰银岭相映成辉。 Brief Introduction: Scene of Mount Namjagbarwa is typical among eastern Himalayas' snowy mountains. When spring comes, peach blossoms are lively on mountain foot of west slope, with pink-and white-colored smoothpit peach flowers and snowy peaks shining upon each other beautifully.

20. 多雄拉秋色 Autumn Scenery of Duoxiongla Mountain 摄影：杨逸畴、杜泽泉 拍摄时间：1984年10月 拍摄地点：藏东南米林县多雄拉山口 海拔：3600米 Photo: Yang Yichou, Du Zequan Time: October, 1984 Site: Dogxungla Mountain Pass, Mainling County, southeast of Tibet Height: 3600 m 简要说明：多雄拉山海拔4200多米，是从派乡到墨脱必经之山口。从多雄拉山口西南侧雪山往下随着海拔的降低，依次出现以铁杉、云杉为主的针叶林，针叶林背映雪山，莽莽苍苍，其下多小阔叶林，这里每到秋天层林尽染，绿色中夹杂红色、金黄色，景色绝美；再往下出现松林、竹林，每到秋、夏，各色杜鹃花争艳，秀色满园；到山麓可以见到雅鲁藏布江中下游风光。 Brief Introduction: The Dogxungla Mountain is more than 4200 meters high. Its pass is the only way connecting Paixiang with Medog County. As descending along its southwest slope, in turn appear coniferous forests dominated with hemlick and spruce. Deep-greened coniferous forests in front of white snow peaks, with lots of broadleaf trees beneath them, autumn scenes here are extremely beautiful, presenting mixture colors of green, red and golden in the forests. Pine and bamboo appear on lower slopes, various kinds of azaleas bloom gorgeously in summer and autumn, showing an excellent scene here. On its foot, the mountain opens out views of middle-lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River.

22. 在冰川表面上考察 Sampling on Ice Surface 摄影：杨逸畴、杜泽泉 拍摄时间：1983年7月 拍摄地点：藏东波密县嘎隆拉冰川表面 海拔：4200米 Photo: Yang Yichou, Du Zequan Time: July, 1987 Site: On the surface of Garlungla Glacier, Bomi County, east of Tibet Height: 4200 m 简要说明：波密县的嘎隆拉山季风型海洋性山谷冰川发育，科考队的冰川与地貌工作者在冰川表面作理化测量和采样，这条冰川深入森林以下，冰川表面布满冰碛石（表碛）。 Brief Introduction: Monsoon-climate-typed maritime valley glaciers grew well on the Garlungla Mountain, Bomi County. Scientists specialized on glaciology and geomorphology are measuring physical and chemical characteristics and taking samples on the surface of the glacier. The glacier descends deep into forests, with moraines (super-glacier moraines) all over the surface of the glacier.

24. 科考队营地 Camp of the Scientific Survey Team 摄影：杨逸畴 拍摄时间：1983年6月 拍摄地点：藏东波密县嘎隆拉山口西侧 海拔：4000米 Photo: Yang Yichou Time: June, 1983 Site: West side of the Garlungla Mountain Pass, Bomi County, east of Tibet Height: 4000 m 简要说明：嘎隆拉属冈日嘎布山，从波密县出发的公路通过山口进入墨脱县，山口西南侧有雪山、冰川、湖泊，这是驻扎在湖畔的科学考察队营地。 Brief Introduction: This is the Garlungla Mountain, belonging to the Gangrigabo Mountains. Along the road that comes from Bomi County people can enter Medog County through the mountain pass. On the southwest side of the pass are snowy peaks, glaciers and lakes. The scientific survey team set their camp beside the lake.

26. 川西海子山碧波湖 Lake Bibo on the Haizi Mountain, West of Sichuan Province 摄影：杨逸畴 拍摄时间：1983年6月 拍摄地点：川西理塘海子山 海拔：4800米 Photo: Yang Yichou Time: June, 1983 Site: The Haizi Mountain, Litang County, west of Sichuan Province Height: 4800 m 简要说明：位于四川西部理塘县与巴塘县之间的海子山，垭口海拔5000多米，川藏公路在这里通过，旁侧山上冰川地貌十分发育，山上角峰、围谷、刃脊十分清晰，U形谷直伸谷底，二个冰碛湖坐落，是典型的冰川地貌类型。 Brief Introduction: The Haizi Mountain is located between Litang and Batong counties. Its strip land is more than 5000 meters high, with Sichuan-Tibetan Road passing by. Glacier landforms developed very well on hills beside. Horn, bounding valley and arête can be seen clearly, U-shaped valley descends straightly to river bottom, and two moraine lakes sit here, hence, the Haizi Mountain belongs to typical glacial landforms.

28. 美丽的高原湖泊 The Beautiful Plateau Lake 摄影：杨逸畴 拍摄时间：1983年6月 拍摄地点：藏东波密县然乌湖 海拔：4200米 Photo: Yang Yichou Time: June, 1983 Site: Lake Ranwo, Bomi County, east of Tibet Height: 4200 m 简要说明：藏东然乌湖属波密县帕隆藏布源头，海拔4200米，为冰碛堵塞的高山湖泊，也是西藏印度洋流域水系最大的淡水湖泊。湖区分布着现代冰川、原始森林、野生动物及鱼类资源和藏民族民居村落，还有丰富的第四纪古冰川遗存，景观品质极高，川藏公路从它旁边经过。 Brief Introduction: Lake Ranwo, with a height of 4200 meters, is the source of the Parlung Zangbo River, Bomi County, east of Tibet. It is an alpine moraine lake, and is the biggest freshwater lake in the Indian Ocean drainage basin water systems in Tibet. Around the lake are modern glaciers, virgin forests, wildlife and fish resources, villages of Tibetan nationality, and plenty of ancient Quaternary glacial remnants, holding a high value of sight quality. By the lake is a highway from Sichuan to Tibet.

30. 巴松措 Basong Co 摄影：杨逸畴 拍摄时间：1998年 拍摄地点：西藏东工布江达县 海拔：3500米 Photo: YPhoto:Yang Yichou Time:1998Site: Gongbogyamda County, east of TibetHeight: 3500 m 简要说明：西藏林芝地区工布江达县的巴河支流上有个巴松措，“措”在藏语中意为绿色的水或湖，巴松措是由于冰川终碛堵塞而形成的高山湖泊，湖面海拔3500米，最深处可达60米，它以雪山、冰川、森林、碧水的优美景色成为西藏地区第一处旅游度假村。 Brief Introduction: Basong Co is on a branch of the Bahe River, Gongbogyamda County, Nyingchi Region, east of Tibet. “Co” means a green pool or lake in Tibetan. Basong Co is an alpine lake walled up by terminal moraines. Its water surface is 3500 meters above sea level. The maximum depth of the lake is 60 meters. With beautiful scenes combined by snowy mountains, glaciers, forests and green lakes, Basong Co is one of the best tourist resorts in the whole Tibet.

32. 西藏易贡湖 Lake Yigong, Tibet 摄影：杨逸畴 拍摄时间：1983年5月 拍摄地点：易贡湖畔 海拔：2120米 Photo: Yang Yichou Time: May, 1983 Site: Beside Lake Yigong Height: 2120 m 简要说明：西藏东南易贡湖为易贡藏布河谷盆地受泥石流堵塞而形成的湖泊。湖盆北侧为念青唐古拉雪峰银岭，冰川悬挂，周围山地森林茂密。湖盆由于逆温效应，加之又处在雅鲁藏布大峡谷水汽通道上，小环境十分优越，在湖畔开发了西藏第一处茶园。 Brief Introduction: In southeastern Tibet, valley of Yigong Zangbo River was walled up by mud flows, forming the Lake Yigong. North to the lake basin is the snowy Nyainqentanglha Mountains, with glaciers hanging on, and dense alpine forests in the surroundings. Because of inversive temperature layers, and the location where water vapor of the Great Yarlung Zangbo Gorge passes by, microenvironment conditions are quite eminent here. So the first piece of tea garden of Tibet was developed here beside the lake.

34. 雪地勇闯 Bravely Climb on Snowy Mountain 摄影：杨逸畴 拍摄时间：1984年6月 拍摄地点：南迦巴瓦峰南侧乃彭峰冰雪原上 海拔：5000米 Photo: Yang Yichou Time: June, 1984 Site: On Ice-snowy Ground of Mount Naipeng, South of Mount Namjagbarwa Height: 5000 m 简要说明：攀登南迦巴瓦峰途中，在海拔5000米以上地区积雪深厚，科考队员四人一组，扛着金属架梯艰难地向前行进。 Brief Introduction: On the way to Mount Namjagbarwa, snow is thick in the area more than 5000 meters above sea level. Scientific surveyors assembled up groups of four members, advancing hardly with metal frames and ladders on their shoulders.

36. 希夏邦马峰 Mount Xixabangma 摄影：杨逸畴 拍摄时间：80年代 拍摄地点： 聂聂雄拉高原面上 海拔：5000米 Photo: Yang Yichou Time: 1980s Site: On the surface of Nieniexiongla Plateau Height: 5000 m 简要说明：喜马拉雅山的希夏邦马峰海拔8012米，是世界第11高峰，60年代我国登山运动员登顶成功，同时进行了大规模的综合科学考察。希夏邦马峰由三个高程相近的姐妹峰组成，在主峰西北200米和400米处，分别有8008米7966米的两个峰尖。这里是喜马拉雅山脉现代冰川作用的中心之一，北坡横卧着13.5公里长的野博康加勒冰川，与它平行的是达曲冰川。冰川上最引人入胜的是海拔5000~5800米之间的冰塔区，长达几千米，景象形态甚是奇异，宛若活生生的“冰晶园林"。 Brief Introduction: Mount Xixiabangma of the Himalayas, the 11th highest peak in the world, is 8012 meters high. In the 1960s, Chinese mountaineers climbed up it successfully. Meanwhile, a large scale of comprehensive survey was also carried out. Mount Xixiabangma is made up of three sister peaks with nearly the same elevations. At places some 200 and 400 meters northwestern from the head peak, there are apices of 8008 and 7966 meters high, respectively. Here is one of the centers of modern glaciation in the Himalayas. The Yebokangjiale Glacier, 13.5 kilometers long, lies on its north slope. In parallel with it is the Daqu Glacier. The most fascinating thing of the glaciers is an area of seracs at 5000 to 5800 meters, several thousands meters long. With peculiar shapes, seracs in this area form a vivid garden of ice carvings created by nature.

38. 慕士塔格峰 Mount Muztag 摄影：李炳元 拍摄时间：1987年7月14日 拍摄地点：新疆塔什库尔干喀拉库勒 海拔：3680米 Photo: Li Bingyuan Time: 14th July, 1987 Site: Karakol, Taxkorgan, Xinjiang Height: 3680 m 简要说明：慕士塔格峰位于西昆仑山，为昆仑山第二高峰（海拔7509米），位于东经75.1度，北纬38.5度，为有断崖发育的断块山地，顶面较平，现代冰川发育，面积达258平方公里，冰川末端海拔3900～5020米，其中最大的栖力冰川和克麻土勒冰川将山体横切为两半，山峰西边坡势平缓，北边和东边却十分险峻。该峰山体浑圆，状似馒头，常年积雪，雪线约海拔5200米，山峰西北的喀拉库勒湖是由古冰碛堵塞而形成的冰川湖，海拔3652米，中巴公路由湖西侧通过。 Brief Introduction: Mount Muztag lies on the west of the Kunlun Mountains, 75.1°E, 38.5°N. It is the second highest peak of the Kunlun Mountains. Occupying an area of 258 square kilometers and with fault scarps and a relatively smooth top surface, this block mountain developed modern glaciers, the ends of which reach heights from 5020 to 3900 meters. The largest two, the Xili and Kematule Gllaciers, split the mountain body into half transversely. Slopes on west face of the mountain are even, whereas those on north and east faces are quite rugged. Mount Muztag holds a near-round shape, is covered by perennial snow, with a snow line of about 5200 meters high. Northwest of the Mount is a glacial lake, Karakol, walled up by ancient moraines at a height of 3652 meters, with Chinese-Pakistani Road passing by its western side.

40. 扎曲营地和加拉白垒峰 Za Qu Camp and Mount Jialabaili 摄影：杨逸畴 拍摄时间：1998年12月 拍摄地点：西藏林芝大峡谷拐弯的扎曲平台上 海拔：2300米 Photo: Yang Yichou Time: December, 1998 Site: Za Qu platform near the Great Bend Gorge, Nyingchi, Tibet Height: 2300 m 简要说明：奔流向东的雅鲁藏布江，在西藏林芝、米林、墨脱、波密四县交界处直转南下，形成一个马蹄形大峡湾。在峡湾外侧，即东经95度，北纬29.8度处，座落着海拔7257米加拉白垒峰。她与世界第十五高峰-―南迦巴瓦峰隔江对峙，两峰仅距20公里。加拉白垒峰的走向为东西弧形排列，主脊线上向南侧、西北侧增生着数条支脊，多为陡壁悬崖。山谷中发育着数十条冰川。其顶部为鞍状平顶的双峰山，常年被冰雪覆盖。1986年10月30日，日本喜马拉雅登山队三名队员首次成功登上加拉白垒峰。 Brief Introduction: On rushing easterly, the Yarlung Zangbo River turns suddenly and forms a big horseshoe bend at the place where four counties, Nyingchi, Mainling, Medog and Bomi, share a common boundary. Outside of the bend, i.e. 95°E, 29.8°N, stands a 7257 meters high peak-―Mount Jialabaili. Just 20 kilometers apart, it confronts Mount Namjagbarwa-―the 15th highest peak in the world. Mount Jialabaili tends from east towards west as an arc. From south and northwest sides of main ridge line there extend some sub-ridges, mostly are steep cliffs. Tens of glaciers developed in the valleys. It is a double-peaked mountain, with a saddle-shaped smooth top, covering with snow all year round. Three members of Japanese Himalayas Climbing Team firstly conquered it successfully in 30th October, 1986.

42. 木孜塔格冰川末端 End of the Muztag Glacier 摄影：李明森 拍摄时间：1976年8月11日 拍摄地点：藏北无人区昆仑山东段南麓 海拔：5220米 Photo: Li Mingsen Time: 11th August, 1976 Site: Unpopulated area of northern Tibet, on the foot of a south slope, eastern part of the Kunlun Mountains Height: 5220 m 简要说明：木孜塔格冰川是羌塘高原北界昆仑山东段主峰——木孜塔格峰南侧的山谷冰川，长约17公里，属于典型的大陆性冰川类型，由于承受到的降雪补给少、冰川消融程度弱，冰川移动的速度较为缓慢。该照片反映的是木孜塔格冰川的末端，冰川右侧为冰碛物，前下方为小型的冰川湖，冰川沉砾清晰可见。 Brief Introduction: Mount Muztag is the highest peak in east section of the Kunlun Mountain Range, which is the northern edge of the Qiangtang Plateau. Muztag Glacier, about 17 kilometers long, is a valley glacier located on the south slope of Mount Muztag. As a typical continental glacier, receiving a little of snowfall, with feeblish ablating process, it has been moving slowly. This photo shows the end of the Muztag Glacier. Moraines are on the right of the glacier, with a small glacial lake beyond it. Submerged glacial gravels can be seen clearly.

44. 青海大柴旦荒漠景观 Desert Scene in Big Qaidam, Qinghai Province 摄影：杨逸畴 拍摄时间：80年代 拍摄地点：青海省德令哈地区 海拔：2000米 Photo: Yang Yichou Time: 1980s Site: Delhi, Qinghai Province Height: 2000 m 简要说明：青海大柴旦荒漠草原牧景。远处荒山秃岭为祁连山脉的一部分，山前洪积扇裙是片戈壁，河谷是以芨芨草、茅草为主的荒漠草地，人、马、牦牛、蒙古包与草地相映成趣，共同组成了一幅和谐的牧景图。 Brief Introduction: Here shows a grazing scene in desert grassland in Big Qaidam, Qinghai Province. Bare hills and mountain in the background are parts of the Qilian Mountains. Proluvial fans in front of the mountain make up of a piece of Gobi. Desert steppe dominated by splendid achnatherum and couch grass covers the valley, men, horses, yaks, with Mongolia tabernacles and steppe contrast finely with each other and show you a harmonious grazing scene.

46. 观测太阳分光辐射 Observing Solar Radiations by Wave Bands 摄影：林振耀 拍摄时间：1989年7月 拍摄地点：西藏阿里地区神仙湾兵站 海拔：5300米 Photo: Lin Zhenyao Time: July, 1989 Site: Shenxianwan Frontier Defensive Station, Ngari Region, Tibet Hieght: 5300 m 简要说明： 喀喇昆仑山山口北侧神仙湾边防站，海拔5300米，太阳紫外线辐射强烈，这里有一个边防哨卡，是全世界最高的边防哨卡，称为"天下第一哨"，哨卡前方距边界线仅9公里。照片反映的是考察队员正在这里观测高海拔地区的太阳多种波段辐射值。 Brief Introduction: Shenxianwan Frontier Defensive Station, 5300 meters high, by north side of the Karakorum Pass, receives intense solar ultraviolet radiations. A sentry post, which is titled "the number one sentry post" for its highest elevation comparing with others all over the world, is located only 9 kilometers behind the border. This picture shows that surveyors are monitoring solar radiations on such an area with a high elevation.

48. 喀喇昆仑山考察队营地 Surveyor's Camp in Karakorum Mountains 摄影：林振耀 拍摄时间：1988年8月 拍摄地点：新疆阿尔金山国家级自然保护区 海拔：4000米 Photo: Lin Zhenyao Time: August, 1988 Site: A'erjin Mountains National Nature Reserve, Xinjiang Hieght: 4000 m 简要说明：喀喇昆仑山地区的阿尔金山国家自然保区位于新疆、青海、西藏三省区交界的新疆东南隅，地处东经80°10′~90°01′，北纬36°~37°49′之间。保护区面积为450万公顷,是当今世界内陆面积最大的自然保护区。从地理位置看，阿尔金山国家级自然保护区位于东昆仑山段北坡大型凹陷盆地中,属原藏北高原向北沿伸地带，是羌塘高原的组成部分。照片反映的是驻扎在阿牙克库勒湖边的考察队营地。 Brief Introduction: A'erjin Mountains National Nature Reserve is located on the Karakorum Mountains, at southeast end of Xinjiang, near the common boundary among Xinjiang, Qinghai Province and Tibet. With an area of 4.5 million hectares, and ranging from 80°10′ to 90°01′E and 36° to 37°49′N, , it is a natural reserve with the biggest inner terrestrial area in the world. As for its geographical location, the Reserve lies on a large depressed basin on north face in east section of the Kunlun Mountains, and belongs to upward extension of the north Tibetan Plateau. This picture shows surveyor's camp settled beside Lake Ayakekule.

50. 康巴姑娘 Kangba Girls in Qamdo 摄影：李炳元 拍摄时间：2001年4月3日 拍摄地点：西藏昌都县柴维乡温达贡村 海拔：3500米 Photo: Li Bingyuan Time: 3rd April, 2001 Site: Wendagong village, Chaiwei township, Qamdo County, Tibet Height: 3500 m 简要说明：人文地理景观。西藏昌都地区是藏族康巴文化的典型地区，藏族康巴妇女十分勤劳，是农业生产的主要劳动力，年轻姑娘的头饰、腰挂等装饰多样、珍贵，是富有的象征。 Brief Introduction: A picture of human geographical scene. Qamdo is a typical region of Tibetan Kangba culture. Tibetan Kangba women are quite hardworking. They are main labour forces in agricultural activities. Young girl's personal ornaments, such as those putting on their heads and hanging on their waists, are multiform and precious, as symbols of wealth.