1 / 11

Dealing With Threats to The Self Part 2

Dealing With Threats to The Self Part 2. Motivated reasoning. The tendency to interpret information in a way that favors pre-existing beliefs and desires. Political debates Health information. Motivated Reasoning. Cognitive Dissonance.

Audrey
Download Presentation

Dealing With Threats to The Self Part 2

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Dealing With Threats to The SelfPart 2

  2. Motivated reasoning • The tendency to interpret information in a way that favors pre-existing beliefs and desires. • Political debates • Health information

  3. Motivated Reasoning

  4. Cognitive Dissonance • A state of psychological tension that is aroused when a person simultaneously holds two thoughts that contradict one another.

  5. Theory of Cognitive Dissonance Inconsistency between thoughts Experience cognitive dissonance Attempt to reduce dissonance

  6. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) • Participants did boring tasks for 1 hour. • Paid $1 or $20 to tell another subject that the tasks were enjoyable. • During interview, asked how much they enjoyed the tasks.

  7. Types of Cognitive Dissonance • Attitude-Behavior inconsistency • Effort justification • Post-decisional dissonance

  8. Self-Affirmation Theory • People want to see themselves positively. • Dissonance is a threat to the self. • When dissonance is aroused, people can deal with it directly or by affirming the self in an unrelated domain.

  9. Steele & Lui (1983) Control group: Dissonance---------------------- Attitude change Self-Affirmation group: Dissonance--Self-AffirmationLess attitude change

  10. Self-Affirmation and Motivated Reasoning • Cohen et al. (2000) • P’s were pro-choice or pro-life • Read a debate b/w activists on each side of the issue. • Self-affirmation manipulation.

  11. How do People Deal with Self-Threats? • Self-Handicapping—prior to performance • Self-Serving Bias—after performance • Motivated reasoning • Change thoughts/attitudes/behaviors to reduce discomfort (cognitive dissonance theory). • Affirm an unrelated part of the self (self-affirmation theory).

More Related