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Image-based modelling of blood flow in the human cardiovascular system

Outline. . Methods (anatomical structure, mathematical models, input variables) Clinical applications Other related issues (reproducibility, validation) Limitations and future work. Methods. Anatomical structureImage acquisition: CT, MRI and 3D ultrasound. E.g. carotid arteries scanned using MRI 2D TOF sequence, 5-inch coil, 1.5mm slice thickness, in-plane resolution about 0.5 mm, contrast enhanced, ~100mm scan length.Geometry reconstruction: 2D, 3D segmentation, manual, semi9450

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Image-based modelling of blood flow in the human cardiovascular system

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    1. Image-based modelling of blood flow in the human cardiovascular system

    3. Methods Anatomical structure Image acquisition: CT, MRI and 3D ultrasound. E.g. carotid arteries scanned using MRI 2D TOF sequence, 5-inch coil, 1.5mm slice thickness, in-plane resolution about 0.5 mm, contrast enhanced, ~100mm scan length. Geometry reconstruction: 2D, 3D segmentation, manual, semi-automatic or automatic; 3D surface reconstruction and smoothing

    4. 3D Imaging

    5. Freehand 3DUS acquisition system

    6. Stored Slices

    7. Contour definition

    8. Surface reconstruction

    9. Vessel visualization

    11. Flow/wall coupling scheme

    12. Input variables Flow at boundaries: pulsed Doppler or PC MRI. Pressure at boundaries: high-fidelity external pressure transducer (model SPT-301, Millar Instruments) Wall thickness and elastic property: IMT using B-mode ultrasound (or MRI), wall tracking using M-mode ultrasound.

    13. Examples of clinical applications

    14. Carotid bifurcation

    15. Wall thickness and elastic property

    16. Boundary conditions Inlet (CCA): time-varying Womersley velocity profiles derived from measured centreline velocity using pulsed Doppler Outlet (ICA): time-varying mass flow rate determined from ultrasound measurement Outlet (ECA): time-varying pressure determined by tonometry measurement No longitudinal motion and rotation of the bifurcation Zero pre-axial strain, incremental P loading from diastolic to systolic phase

    17. Particle tracking

    18. WSS and mechanical stress (time-averaged)

    19. WSS and mechanical stress

    20. The aortic bifurcation

    21. Aortic bifurcation

    22. Time-averaged WSS

    23. Femoral arteries

    24. Femoral arteries

    25. Other related issues

    26. Other related issues

    27. Limitations Effect of pre-axial strain Effect of different mechanical properties for CCA, ICA and ECA Effect of hyperelasticity? Effect of non-Newtonian viscosity More validations, sensitivity and reproducibility studies necessary

    28. Other on-going projects and future work Femoral bypass graft Analysis of patient-specific intraventricular flow patterns using MRI/CFD Reparied coarctation of the aorta in children Flow and wall behaviour in arteries with plaques MRI vs 3DUS

    29. Acknowledgement Funding British Heart Foundation EPSRC ASTRA Researchers Collaborators Dr Q.Long Prof A.Hughes Dr M.Jackson Dr S.Thom Dr B.Ariff Prof T.M.Griffith Dr S.Zhao Dr I.Marshall Dr A.Zambanini Dr P.Hoskin Kawai Lee Alex Augst Pooi-Ling Cheong Dean Barratt

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