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Chapter 6

Chapter 6. Digestion and Human Health. Visualizing the Digestive System. Macromolecules. Formation/Degradation of macromolecules. HYDROLYSIS (addition of water) separates macromolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Carbohydrates – into monosaccharides

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Chapter 6

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  1. Chapter 6 Digestion and Human Health

  2. Visualizing the Digestive System

  3. Macromolecules

  4. Formation/Degradation of macromolecules • HYDROLYSIS (addition of water) separates macromolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. • Carbohydrates – into monosaccharides • Lipids – into glycerol and fatty acids • Proteins – into amino acids and peptide bonds. • DEHYDRATION (removal of water) forms the subunits back into their macromolecule shape.

  5. Enzyme Structure and Function Enzymes are large proteins that speed up chemical reactions The active site is the location on the enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction takes place with the help of a coenzyme. Enzyme and substrate fail to bind if their shapes do not match exactly.. The enzyme itself is unaffected by the reaction.

  6. Factors affecting Enzyme Actions The rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is affected by the concentration of substrate and the concentration of the enzyme that works on it. In addition, any chemical or physical factor that alters the enzyme’s three-dimensional shape—such as temperature and pH—can affect the enzyme’s ability to catalyze the reaction.

  7. Digestive System

  8. Digestive Tract

  9. Peristalsis

  10. Villi in the Small Intestine

  11. Secretions of the Digestive Tract

  12. Selected Enzymes of the Digestive System

  13. Chemical Digestion

  14. Digestive Disorders

  15. Making Healthy Food Choices

  16. Good Nutrition + Exercise = Health

  17. Concept Organizer

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